Table 1 Literature review of critical shear and extensional stresses for the deformation of vWF, cells, and capsules.
From: Distribution and history of extensional stresses on vWF surrogate molecules in turbulent flow
Type of deformable object | Critical shear stress or rate of strain | Critical extensional stress or rate of strain | Literature source |
|---|---|---|---|
von Willebrand Factor (vWF) | Shear stress > 20 dyn/cm2 |  | Lancellotti et al.1 |
vWF |  | Elongational strain rate < 300 s−1 no unraveling Elongational strain rate 300 to 400 s−1, metastable unraveling Elongational strain rate > 400 s−1 unraveling | Kania et al.2 |
vWF fibers | Critical shear rate = 5000 s−1 |  | Schneider et al.28 |
vWF | Critical shear rate = 5522 s−1 |  | Zhussupbekov et al.41 |
High molecular weight multimers of vWF | Shear rate ≥ 5000 s–1 for conformational changes Shear stress < 1012 dyne/cm2, no molecular degradation Shear stress > 3070 dyne/cm2 exposure time of 60 s, 90.7% molecular degradation, while exposure time of 600 s led to 96.1% molecular degradation |  | Jhun et al.79 |
vWF (~ 50 nm typical vWF dimer) |  | Critical elongation rate 300 to 600 ~ s−1 | Sing et al.3 |
Tethered von Willebrand Factor | Critical shear rate = 5000 s−1 Critical shear stress = 2.0–2.5 Pa |  | Wang et al.83 |
Red blood cell (RBC) | Shear stress > 20 Pa | Extensional stress > 6 Pa | Lee et al.10 |
Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells |  | Extensional stress > 250 Pa | Bae et al.40 |
