Table 4 The APACHE II and SOFA scores, laboratory records, inflammation markers, and endothelial glycocalyx markers in the survivors and non-survivors (28-day death) on the admission.

From: Association between plasma glycocalyx component levels and poor prognosis in severe influenza type A (H1N1)

Characteristics

Survivor (N = 37)

Non-survivor (N = 16)

P Value

APACHE II score

9 (7, 13)

15 (14, 18)b

 < 0.001

SOFA score

3 (2, 6)

7 (5, 9)b

0.001

Lactate

1.2 (0.9, 1.6)

2.2 (1.5, 3.5)b

0.001

Lymphocyte count, × 109/L

0.9 (0.5, 1.4)

0.6 (0.3, 0.9)b

0.048

Lymphocyte percentage

11.5 (7.1, 18.6)

5.4 (4.2, 7.8)b

0.002

Platelet

210.5 (144.0, 272.0)

136.5 (85.5, 230.0)b

0.075

D-dimer (μg/mL)

1.52 (0.49, 3.72)

6.26 (2.27, 22.1)b

0.012

Albumin, g/L

32.2 ± 6.6

27.2 ± 4.2c

0.007

Inflammation markers

   

TNF-α (pg/ml)

11.6 (8.4, 21.6)

14.1 (10.0, 35.7)b

0.322

IL-6 (pg/ml)

15.4 (4.5, 96.7)

82.5 (15.8, 376.1)b

0.046

IL-10 (pg/ml)

11.27 (7.0, 23.1)

30.1 (14.1, 57.6)b

0.036

Endothelial glycocalyx markers

   

SDC-1 (ng/ml)

117.7 (65.3, 258.5)

576.3 (204.7, 755.3)b

0.003

HA (ng/ml)

190.4 (108.4, 348.2)

400.5 (213.1, 431.3)b

0.02

HS (ng/ml)

233.8 (178.8, 331.7)

419.7 (201.4, 1446.6)b

0.034

  1. Data are expressed as median (inter-quartile range), mean ± SD, or number (%). Abbreviations: APACHE, Acute Physiology, Age, Chronic Health Evaluation; SOFA, Sequential organ failure assessment; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; IL-6, interleukin-6; IL-10, interleukin-10; SDC-1, syndecan-1; HS, heparan sulfate; HA, hyaluronan. b, vs. Mild group, Mann–Whitney U test; c, unpaired Student t test.
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