Table 2 Comparison of proposed MMA with existing works.
References | Patch type | Substrate material | Unit cell size | Operating frequency | Resonant frequency | Maximum absorption | Polarization angle insensitivity | Applications |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Square spiral shape | FR-4 4.4 | 0.14λ × 0.14λ × 0.0608λ | Ku K | 12.2 17.1 19.7 | 99.8 | θ ≤ 50° | Absorber | |
T shape | FR-4 4.4 | 0.4λ × 0.4λ × 0.027λ | X Ku | 10.19 | 99.9% | θ ≤ 60° | Absorber | |
SI shape | 0.36λ × 0.36λ × 0.024λ | 9.32 10.75 | ||||||
Split Jerusalem Cross | 0.36λ × 0.36λ × 0.024λ | – | ||||||
Shorted stub CR MMA | FR-4 4.6 | 0.50λ × 0.50λ × 0.023λ | Ku | 17 18 | 99.9% 99.83 | θ ≤ 70° | Absorber | |
CSR and CCSR | FR-4 4.35 | 0.35λ × 0.35λ × 0.0226λ | X Ku | 11.15 16.1 | 99.9% | θ ≤ 60° | Absorber | |
CRR | FF-4 4.2 | 0.19λ × 0.19λ × 0.052λ | X Ku | 8.12 12.39 | 99.66% | θ ≤ 15° | Absorber | |
Jerusalem cross | FR-4 4.4 | 1.18λ × 1.18λ × 0.079λ | Ku | 14.75 15.1 16.25 | 95% | θ ≤ 60° | Absorber | |
4° | Eight-Resistive arm cell | FR-4 3.9 | 0.41λ × 0.41λ × 0.082λ | X Ku | 9 11 13 | 99% | θ ≤ 65° | Absorber |
Jerusalem cross with SRR | FR-4 4.4 | 0.69λ × 0.69λ × 0.046λ | X Ku | 8.6 10.2 11.95 | 99.98% | θ ≤ 60° | Absorber | |
Concentric closed CRR | FR-4 4.4 | 0.185λ × 0.185λλ0.01λ | C X Ku | 5.57 7.96 13.44 | 99.28% | θ ≤ 75° | Absorber | |
Four-fold resonator | FR-4 4.3 | 0.37λ × 0.37λ × 0.059λ | X Ku | 11.31 14.23 17.79 17.81 | 99.15% | θ ≤ 90° | Absorber | |
Ring C shape quasi-MMA | FR-4 4.6 | 0.92λ × 0.92λ × 0.072λ | Ku | 13.78 15.3 | 99.6% | θ ≤ 60° | Absorber and sensing | |
Proposed | SSRR with micro strip line | FR-4 4.3 | 0.44λ × 0.44λ × 0.088λ | Ku | 14.62 16.30 | \(99.99\)% | θ ≤ 90° | Absorber and sensing |
