Figure 4

Abundance and species composition of larval anopheline community in western Zambia in two consecutive wet seasons (2018 and 2019). (a) Estimated total abundance calculated by applying species proportions from DNA sequence-identified subset of sampled larvae (see b) at each transect point to the total surveyed larvae per transect point, and summing for all transect points. (b) Proportion of specimens assigned species identities from matches to COI and/or ITS2 DNA barcode sequences from GenBank (2018: n = 748; 2019: n = 658). Significant differences between years in proportion of of specimens represented by each individual taxon indicated by asterisk(s); *p < 0.01; **p < 0.001 (z-test for independent proportions). Groups represented by hatched bars were not resolved to individual member species in 2018. ‘Unknown An. spp’ indicates that match to Anopheles reference sequences fell below 95% similarity threshold.