Table 2 Comparison of anthropometry and body composition among three groups.

From: Association between the recognition of muscle mass and exercise habits or eating behaviors in female college students

 

Low SMI group

(n = 90)

Middle SMI group

(n = 91)

High SMI group

(n = 89)

p value

p for trend

Height (cm)

159.3 ± 4.9

157.8 ± 5.1

157.4 ± 5.3*

0.032

0.022

Body weight (kg)

49.9 ± 4.9

54.6 ± 7.2*

58.0 ± 8.3*†

< 0.001

< 0.001

Body mass index (kg/m2)

19.7 ± 1.4

21.9 ± 2.2*

23.4 ± 3.1*†

< 0.001

< 0.001

Body fat mass (kg)

14.1 ± 3.2

16.6 ± 4.9*

17.6 ± 6.2*

< 0.001

< 0.001

Body fat percentage (%)

27.9 ± 4.1

29.9 ± 5.0*

29.6 ± 6.4

0.022

0.052

Lean body mass (kg)

35.9 ± 2.4

38.0 ± 3.0*

40.4 ± 3.5*†

< 0.001

< 0.001

Whole body muscle mass (kg)

34.2 ± 2.2

36.1 ± 2.7*

38.2 ± 3.1*†

< 0.001

< 0.001

Limb skeletal muscle mass (kg)

14.1 ± 0.9

15.4 ± 1.0

17.8 ± 1.8

< 0.001

< 0.001

Whole body bone mineral contents (kg)

2.0 ± 0.2

2.2 ± 0.3*

2.4 ± 0.3*†

< 0.001

< 0.001

Skeletal muscle index (kg/m2)

5.5 ± 0.2

6.2 ± 0.2*

7.2 ± 0.6*†

< 0.001

< 0.001

  1. Data are mean ± standard deviation.
  2. Jonckheere–Terpstra test was used for trend analysis.
  3. Analysis of variance was used for comparison among three groups. Bonferroni method was used for post-hoc analysis.
  4. SMI: skeletal muscle mass index.
  5. *Significantly different from low SMI group (p < 0.05).
  6. †Significantly different from middle SMI group (p < 0.05).
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