Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study patients.
Characteristic n (%) or median (IQR) | DVT | DVT + APE |
|---|---|---|
n = 687 | n = 773 | |
Sex | ||
Male | 330 (48) | 373 (48) |
Female | 357 (52) | 400 (52) |
Age | 59 (48, 68) | 62 (51, 70) |
Pre-existing disease or condition | ||
Heart failure | 21 (3.1) | 19 (2.5) |
Respiratory failure | 1 (0.1) | 31 (4.0) |
Previous history of VTE | 76 (11) | 43 (5.6) |
Autoimmune disease | 17 (2.5) | 26 (3.4) |
Malignant tumor | 77 (11) | 59 (7.6) |
Risk factors | ||
Fracture of lower limb | 65 (9.5) | 96 (12) |
Severe trauma | 32 (4.7) | 36 (4.7) |
Spinal cord injury | 5 (0.7) | 15 (1.9) |
Arthroscopic operation | 23 (3.3) | 14 (1.8) |
Blood transfusion | 25 (3.6) | 32 (4.1) |
Hormone replacement therapy | 22 (3.2) | 19 (2.5) |
Infection | 27 (3.9) | 96 (12) |
Paralytic stroke | 36 (5.2) | 46 (6.0) |
Superficial venous thrombosis | 19 (2.8) | 6 (0.8) |
Postpartum period | 21 (3.1) | 14 (1.8) |
Stay in bed (> 3 days)/undergo surgery | 181 (26) | 210 (27) |
Long time of sitting (> 6 h) | 81 (12) | 29 (3.8) |
Undergo hysteroscopy/Laparoscopy surgery | 29 (4.2) | 31 (4.0) |
Laricose vein of lower limb | 46 (6.7) | 43 (5.6) |
Smoke | 192 (28) | 195 (25) |
Symptoms | ||
Dyspnea | 28 (4.1) | 302 (39) |
Hemoptysis | 3 (0.4) | 33 (4.3) |
Chest pain | 13 (1.9) | 90 (12) |
Swelling and pain in the lower limbs | 657 (96) | 593 (77) |
Fever | 32 (4.7) | 52 (6.7) |
Syncope | 8 (1.2) | 99 (13) |
Cough | 33 (4.8) | 74 (9.6) |
Palpitation | 5 (0.7) | 31 (4.0) |
Delirium/disturbance of consciousness | 1 (0.1) | 5 (0.6) |
Signs | ||
Skin cold clammy | 7 (1.0) | 27 (3.5) |
Cyanosis of the lips | 1 (0.1) | 19 (2.5) |
Tachycardia | 36 (5.2) | 109 (14) |
Diminished respiration | 1 (0.1) | 43 (5.6) |
Pulmonary rales | 7 (1.0) | 78 (10) |
Accentuation/splitting of P2 | 100 (15) | 178 (23) |
Distention of jugular vein/hepatojugular reflex | 2 (0.3) | 8 (1.0) |
ECG | ||
Heart rate | 78 (69, 89) | 82 (72, 94) |
SIQIIITIII | 21 (3.1) | 137 (18) |
Nodal tachycardia | 54 (7.9) | 103 (13) |
Right ventricular hypertrophy | 0 (0) | 13 (1.7) |
Right axis deviation | 4 (0.6) | 19 (2.5) |
Left axis deviation | 55 (8.0) | 176 (23) |
S1S2S3 | 2 (0.3) | 41 (5.3) |
Low voltage | 17 (2.5) | 35 (4.5) |
Clockwise rotation of cardiac electric axis | 1 (0.1) | 9 (1.2) |
ST-segment elevation | 10 (1.5) | 14 (1.8) |
ST-segment depression | 33 (4.8) | 91 (12) |
T wave inversion(V1–V3/V4) | 34 (4.9) | 175 (23) |
ST-segment depression(II/III/aVF) | 14 (2.0) | 71 (9.2) |
Q/q wave(II/aVF) | 17 (2.5) | 74 (9.6) |
T wave inversion(II/aVF) | 6 (0.9) | 56 (7.2) |
Right bundle branch block | 25 (3.6) | 50 (6.5) |
