Table 6 Instruments and methods.
Characterization method/instrument | Model/company | Country |
|---|---|---|
Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) | Avatar 370, Thermo Nicole | USA |
Field emission scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray (FESEM-EDX) | SIGMA HV, Zeiss | Germany |
N2 adsorption–desorption isotherm measurements (porosimetry analyzer) | Belsorp-mini II, BEL | Japan |
Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) | AW-XDM300, Asenware | China |
Flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS) | PerkinElmer Model A300 | Norwalk, USA |