Table 2 Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the incidence of composite of end-stage renal disease and all-cause mortality according to the categories of systolic blood pressure among the individuals with chronic kidney disease.

From: Optimal blood pressure for patients with chronic kidney disease: a nationwide population-based cohort study

Categories of SBP (mmHg)

Composite of end-stage renal disease and all-cause death

Events (n)

Follow-up duration (person-years)

Incidence rate (per 1000 person-years)

Adjusted HR (95% CI)*

Total

 < 100 (n = 389)

13

2337

5.56 (3.23–9.58)

0.936 (0.535–1.638)

100–109 (n = 1546)

51

9280

5.50 (4.18–7.23)

0.961 (0.708–1.303)

110–119 (n = 4285)

160

25,780

6.21 (5.32–7.25)

0.905 (0.739–1.109)

120–129 (n = 5249)

227

31,426

7.22 (6.34–8.23)

1 (Ref.)

130–139 (n = 6449)

357

38,610

9.25 (8.34–10.26)

1.126 (0.953–1.330)

140–149 (n = 2230)

191

12,989

14.70 (12.76–16.95)

1.443 (1.190–1.751)

 ≥ 150 (n = 2130)

226

12,374

18.26 (16.03–20.81)

1.502 (1.247–1.811)

P for trend

   

 < 0.0001

Non-users of antihypertensive agent

 < 100 (n = 299)

0

1829

0

0.078 (0.005–1.257)

100–109 (n = 1139)

15

6929

2.16 (1.31–3.59)

0.679 (0.391–1.178)

110–119 (n = 2827)

57

17,193

3.32 (2.56–4.30)

0.889 (0.627–1.259)

120–129 (n = 3020)

71

18,344

3.87 (3.07–4.88)

1 (Ref.)

130–139 (n = 3232)

103

19,698

5.23 (4.31–6.34)

1.173 (0.866–1.587)

140–149 (n = 880)

45

5284

8.52 (6.36–11.41)

1.489 (1.025–2.164)

 ≥ 150 (n = 777)

54

4627

11.67 (8.94–15.24)

1.744 (1.222–2.490)

P for trend

   

 < 0.0001

Users of antihypertensive agent

 < 100 (n = 90)

13

508

25.58 (14.86–44.06)

2.023 (1.158–3.535)

100–109 (n = 407)

36

2351

15.32 (11.05–21.23)

1.303 (0.908–1.871)

110–119 (n = 1458)

103

8587

12.00 (9.89–14.55)

0.948 (0.739–1.217)

120–129 (n = 2229)

156

13,082

11.92 (10.19–13.95)

1 (Ref.)

130–139 (n = 3217)

254

18,912

13.43 (11.88–15.19)

1.084 (0.888–1.324)

140–149 (n = 1350)

146

7705

18.95 (16.11–22.29)

1.371 (1.093–1.720)

 ≥ 150 (n = 1353)

172

7747

22.20 (19.12–25.78)

1.376 (1.106–1.711)

P for trend

   

0.0022

  1. SBP systolic blood pressure, HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval.
  2. *Adjusted for age, sex, current smoking, alcohol consumption, regular exercise, household income level, body mass index, presence of dyslipidaemia, diabetes mellitus, and urine dipstick positivity for protein. Adjusted HRs (95% CIs) and P-values, considered to be statistically significant in bold font.