Table 1 Baseline characteristics of AMI patients (n = 3732) by admission total serum calcium.
Low calcium | Normal-low clacium | Normal-high calcium | High calcium | p-value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Female | 214 (22.8) | 236 (22.7) | 267 (26.6) | 196 (26) | – |
Age in years (mean + sd) | 60.7 (9.5) | 60.2 (9.9) | 59.9 (9.7) | 58.8 (10) | 0.001 |
Total deaths (percentages): > 28–2500 days | 152 (16,2%) | 117 (11,3%) | 106 (10,6%) | 80 (10,6%) | 0.00024 |
Total deaths (percentages): > 2500 days | 8 (3.6%) | 24 (6.5%) | 32 (7.6%) | 42 (10.8%) | 0.0083 |
Co-morbidities and risk factors at admission | |||||
Hypertension | 715 (76.3) | 782 (75.2) | 745 (74.4) | 559 (74.2) | 0.722 |
Diabetes mellitus | 277 (29.6) | 295 (28.4) | 287 (28.6) | 209 (27.8) | 0.869 |
Hyperlipidemia | 579 (61.8) | 745 (71.6) | 706 (70.5) | 581 (77.2) | < 0.0001 |
Current smoker | 375 (40) | 390 (37.5) | 400 (39.9) | 302 (40.1) | 0.220 |
Ex-smoker | 291 (31.1) | 350 (33.7) | 289 (28.8) | 215 (28.6) | – |
Never-smoker | 271 (28.9) | 300 (28.8) | 313 (31.2) | 236 (31.3) | – |
Clinical characteristics at admission | |||||
Typical chest pain symptoms | 801 (85.5) | 926 (89) | 895 (89.3) | 643 (85.4) | 0.008 |
STEMI | 326 (34.8) | 393 (37.8) | 410 (40.9) | 319 (42.4) | 0.006 |
NSTEMI | 546 (58.3) | 598 (57.5) | 546 (54.5) | 401 (53.3) | |
Bundle branch block | 65 (6.9) | 49 (4.7) | 46 (4.6) | 33 (4.4) | |
Any in-hospital complication | 152 (16.2) | 128 (12.3) | 143 (14.3) | 119 (15.8) | 0.062 |
Labaratory values at admission | |||||
eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 | 31 (3.3) | 7 (0.7) | 12 (1.2) | 9 (1.2) | < 0.0001 |
eGFR 30–60 mL/min/1.73 m2 | 106 (11.3) | 74 (7.1) | 69 (6.9) | 37 (4.9) | – |
eGFR 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 | 401 (42.8) | 435 (41.8) | 353 (35.2) | 173 (23) | – |
eGFR missing value | 399 (42.6) | 524 (50.4) | 568 (56.7) | 534 (70.9) | – |
Admission troponin-I (ng/mL) | 0.49 (0.1–2.99) | 0.44 (0.1–2.88) | 0.53 (0.12–3.46) | 0.97 (0.16–5.785) | 0.035 |
Peak CKMB levels | 43 (14—111) | 39 (15—107) | 41 (15—101) | 44 (17—104) | 0.742 |
Medication at admission | |||||
Calcium channel blockers | 146 (15.6) | 145 (13.9) | 138 (13.8) | 138 (18.3) | 0.034 |
Diuretics | 184 (19.6) | 179 (17.2) | 190 (19) | 159 (21.1) | 0.206 |
In-hospital treatment | |||||
PCI | 658 (70.2) | 711 (68.4) | 664 (66.3) | 469 (62.3) | 0.004 |
CABG | 136 (14.5) | 178 (17.1) | 160 (15.9) | 120 (15.9) | 0.476 |
Thrombolysis | 52 (5.5) | 85 (8.2) | 122 (12.1) | 123 (16.3) | < 0.0001 |
Any revascularization therapy | 787 (84) | 897 (86.2) | 847 (84.5) | 624 (82.9) | 0.245 |
Medication at hospital discharge | |||||
All four EBMs | 659 (70.3) | 776 (74.6) | 685 (68.4) | 481 (63.9) | < 0.0001 |
Antiplatelet agents | 904 (96.5) | 1002 (96.3) | 970 (96.8) | 724 (96.1) | 0.895 |
Beta-blockers | 898 (95.8) | 1014 (97.5) | 947 (94.5) | 702 (93.2) | 0.0001 |
ACEIs/ARBs | 775 (82.7) | 890 (85.6) | 814 (81.2) | 590 (78.4) | 0.001 |
Statins | 836 (89.2) | 940 (90.4) | 884 (88.2) | 639 (84.9) | 0.003 |
Calcium channel blockers | 124 (13.2) | 132 (12.7) | 121 (12.1) | 101 (13.4) | 0.827 |
Diuretics | 498 (53.1) | 522 (50.2) | 503 (50.2) | 323 (42.9) | 0.0003 |
