Figure 6 | Scientific Reports

Figure 6

From: Cytoplasmic vacuolation with endoplasmic reticulum stress directs sorafenib induced non-apoptotic cell death in hepatic stellate cells

Figure 6

Influence of Sorafenib on ROS and ER stress signalling. (a) qPCR showing different concentration of sorafenib induced fold changes of relative mRNA expressions of ROS generating enzyme gene such as NOX1, NOX4, NOXA1, CYBA, FMO2 for 24 h. (b) The relative mRNA expression of 10 µM sorafenib induced ROS generating enzyme genes after 24 h without and with pre-treatment of CHX, NAC and albumin (ALB). (c) qPCR showing different concentration of sorafenib induced fold changes of relative mRNA expression of ER stress or unfolded protein response (UPR) markers such as GPR78 (BiP), IRE1α, PERK, XBP1 and CHOP after 24 h. (d) Time dependent relative mRNA expression of 10 µM sorafenib induced ER stress markers were shown in different concentration and different time point up to 24 h. (e) The relative mRNA expression of 10 µM sorafenib induced ER stress markers without and with pre-treatment of CHX, NAC and albumin. Fold changes are normalised with expression of 18S rRNA. Data represent mean ± s.d. from three independent experiments (ns > 0.05, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 One-way analysis of variance).

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