Figure 1

Physico-chemical properties of sea ice and seawater. Development of (a) under ice irradiance (PAR, µmol photons m−2 day−1), (b) melt pond coverage on sea ice (~ 0%), (c) melt pond coverage on sea ice (~ 10%), (d) sea ice bulk salinity and (e) under-ice water salinity in Young Sound, NE Greenland, during the sea ice melting season in 2017.