Table 5 Estimated values for different ecosystem functions (ESVf) between 1987 and 2017.
Service project | 1987 | 1993 | 1999 | 2005 | 2011 | 2017 | Rate of interannual change | Level | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Food production | 52.737 | 1.942 | 1.806 | 1.291 | 1.067 | 0.974 | − 5.10% | 2 | ↓ |
Raw material | 1.186 | 1.011 | 0.900 | 0.838 | 0.723 | 0.728 | − 1.47% | 5 | ↓ |
Water supply | − 1.044 | − 0.858 | − 1.342 | 0.098 | − 0.014 | 0.722 | − 179.33% | 1 | ↓ |
Gas regulation | 4.694 | 4.099 | 3.697 | 3.228 | 2.763 | 2.713 | − 1.66% | 4 | ↓ |
Climate regulation | 10.817 | 9.093 | 8.077 | 7.691 | 6.668 | 6.737 | − 1.42% | 6 | ↓ |
Purifying environment | 3.970 | 3.579 | 2.935 | 3.139 | 2.604 | 2.955 | − 0.79% | 9 | ↓ |
Water regulation | 22.556 | 23.163 | 16.580 | 20.714 | 16.003 | 21.414 | 0.33% | 11 | ↑ |
Soil conservation | 4.400 | 3.725 | 3.270 | 3.194 | 2.758 | 2.822 | − 1.33% | 7 | ↓ |
Nutrient cycling | 0.528 | 0.470 | 0.430 | 0.351 | 0.299 | 0.285 | − 1.86% | 3 | ↓ |
Biodiversity | 4.850 | 4.352 | 3.582 | 3.801 | 3.167 | 3.558 | − 0.85% | 8 | ↓ |
Aesthetic landscape | 2.330 | 2.145 | 1.710 | 1.898 | 1.557 | 1.822 | − 0.59% | 10 | ↓ |
