Figure 2 | Scientific Reports

Figure 2

From: Retinoic acid regulates erythropoietin production cooperatively with hypoxia-inducible factors in human iPSC-derived erythropoietin-producing cells

Figure 2

Effects of RA on the proliferation and differentiation of hiPSC-EPO cells. (A,B) The numbers of hiPSC-EPO cells after treatment with ATRA alone (A) or combined with AGN193109 (B) under hypoxic conditions (5% oxygen). (C) Immunostaining analysis of hiPSC-EPO cells for a proliferation marker, Ki67. Scale bars 100 μm. (D) Percentage of Ki67(+) cells in (C). (E) qRT-PCR analysis of the expression of the hepatic lineage markers, DLK1, AFP, ALB, HNF4A, SALL4, HNF1B, GATA4 and CK19, by hiPSC-EPO cells treated with DMSO under normoxic (21% oxygen) or hypoxic conditions or with ATRA under hypoxic conditions. The data from three independent experiments (n = 4 for A,B and n = 3 for D,E) are represented as the means ± SEM in (A,B,D,E). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s test in (A,B,D,E). *p < 0.05 versus the samples treated with DMSO under hypoxic conditions.

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