Figure 7
Dose-dependent effects of pFUS on weight gain and obesity-related metabolic derangements. (A) Alternate-day pFUS reduces the severity of body weight gain in Western diet-fed mice. By week 11, the Western diet–pFUS group (closed blue circles) had significantly lower body weights than the Western diet–sham group (open blue circles; *** P < 0.001, two-way RMANOVA). The sham groups did not differ significantly from each other throughout the study. (B) Alternate-day hepatic pFUS reduces body weight gain, but less robustly than daily stimulation. The endpoint weights of the daily stimulated Western diet-fed groups were compared to the alternate-day stimulated Western diet-fed groups. The daily stimulated Western diet–pFUS group was significantly lower than the alternate-day stimulated group (*** P < 0.001, two-way ANOVA, daily WD–pFUS vs alternate WD–pFUS). (C) Alternate-day stimulation attenuates leptin hormone elevation in Western diet–pFUS mice. At week 16, both daily and alternate-day stimulation regimens were sufficient to significantly lower leptin levels (** P < 0.01, two-way ANOVA). Comparison of daily and alternate-day stimulated Western diet–pFUS groups revealed that daily ultrasound stimulation significantly decreased leptin compared to alternate-day stimulation (*** P < 0.001, two-way ANOVA) (D) Hepatic pFUS significantly reduced resistin levels in both daily stim and alternate-day Western diet–pFUS groups compared to their respective Western diet–sham groups (** P < 0.01, two-way ANOVA). The daily stimulated Western diet–pFUS group had significantly lower resistin compared to alternate-day Western diet–pFUS (*** P < 0.001, two-way ANOVA).
