Figure 1

SSJIBL reduced weight gain, food intake, and fasting blood glucose level, and improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in GK rats in a time-dependent manner. Rats were randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 8 for SSJIBL, n = 7 for Sham). (A) For the SSJIBL surgery, a point 40 cm proximal to the ileocecal valve was used as the reference point. Starting proximally from this point to 6 cm distal to the Treitz ligament, approximately 60% of the length of the entire small bowel was bypassed, and bowel continuity was restored by a side-to-side anastomosis between the proximal jejunum and the ileum. The luminal occlusion was performed at the first portion of the bypassed segment by using a ligation of 0 silk suture. (B) Body weight of SSJIBL and Sham treated rats. (C) Average daily food intake for the above 2 groups of rats 2 W and 6 W postoperation. (D) Fasting blood glucose level (FBG). (E,F) Effect of SSJIBL on percentage of initial blood glucose level during insulin tolerance test (ITT). (G) Area under the curve (AUC). (H,I) Effect of SSJIBL on glucose tolerance measured by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). (J) AUC. Error bars are expressed as means ± SEM. Statistical significance was determined by two-tailed Student’s t test or two-way ANOVA. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01.