Table 4 Mean skin temperature and thermal perception Δ changes across time.
From: The influence of environmental and core temperature on cyclooxygenase and PGE2 in healthy humans
Time (min) | Main effects | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
BL | 0 | 30 | 60 | 90 | 120 | Condition | Time | Condition * time | ||
Tsk (°C) | Main effect | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | ||||||
Hot n = 9 | 30.51 (29.88–31.25) | 5.38#○ (4.15–6.29) | 6.23#○ (5.24–7.09) | 6.31#○ (5.49–7.24) | 6.36#○ (5.49–7.64) | 6.5#○ (5.49–7.74) | HOT vs COLD p < 0.0001 | 0–120 min p < 0.0001 | ||
TN n = 9 | 32.46*● (29.14–33.68) | 0.14*○ (− 0.25 to 0.1) | 0.5*○ (− 0.75 to 3.9) | 0.73*○ (− 0.15 to 4.25) | 0.7*○ (− 0.45 to 4.35) | 0.76*○ (− 0.65 to 4.3) | HOT vs TN p < 0.001 | p ≥ 0.0679 | ||
Cold n = 7 | 30.57+● (29.67–31.6) | − 0.08+▲ (− 0.45 to 0.2) | − 1.82+○ (− 1.25 to − 2.3) | − 2.13+○ (− 1.4 to − 2.25) | − 2.37+○ (− 1.6 to − 3.3) | − 2.38+○ (− 1.75 to − 3.2) | TN vs COLD p < 0.0001 | 15–120 min p ≤ 0.0016 | ||
TS n = 9 | Main effect | p < 0.0001 | p = 0.4612 | p = 0.0022 | ||||||
Hot | 5.61#○ (4.0–6.0) | 0.44#● (0.0–2.0) | 0.67#● (0.0–2.0) | 0.61#○ (0.0–2.0) | 0.67#○ (0.0–2.0) | HOT vs COLD p < 0.0001 | 60–120 min p ≤ 0.0201 | |||
TN | 4.78*▲ (4.0–6.0) | − 0.17*▲ (0.0 to − 1.0) | − 0.17*● (0.0 to − 1.0) | − 0.28*● (0.0–to 1.0) | − 0.28*● (0.0 to − 1.0) | HOT vs TN p < 0.0001 | p ≥ 0.2428 | |||
Cold | 3.22+● (3.0–4.0) | − 0.44 (0.0 to − 1.0) | − 0.61 (0.0 to − 2.0) | − 1.17+● (0.0 to − 2.0) | − 1.11+● (0.0 to − 2.0) | TN vs COLD p < 0.0001 | 60–120 min p ≤ 0.0201 | |||
TC n = 9 | Main effect | p < 0.0001 | p = 0.9404 | p = 0.0067 | ||||||
Hot | 4.94#○ (4.0–6.0) | 0.06 (− 0.5 to 1.0) | 0.44#▲ (0.0–2.0) | 0.67#● (− 0.5 to 2.0) | 0.89#● (0.0–2.0) | HOT vs COLD p < 0.0001 | 90–120 min p ≤ 0.0350 | |||
TN | 4.22*▲ (4.0–5.0) | 0.33 (0.0–1.0) | 0.44 (0.0–1.0) | 0.33 (0.0–1.0) | 0.44 (0.0–1.0) | HOT vs TN P = 0.5174 | p ≥ 0.1586 | |||
Cold | 3.0+● (2.0–4.0) | − 0.28+▲ (0.0 to − 1.5) | − 0.39+▲ (0.0 to − 1.5) | − 0.78+● (0.0 to − 2.0) | − 1.0○+● (0.0 to − 2.5) | TN vs COLD p < 0.0001 | 90–120 min p ≤ 0.0141 | |||
SHV n = 9 | Main effect | p < 0.0001 | p = 0.0006 | p < 0.0001 | ||||||
Hot | 1.0 (1.0–1.0) | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) | 0.0#▲ (0.0–0.0) | 0.0#● (0.0–0.0) | 0.0#○ (0.0–0.0) | HOT vs COLD p < 0.0001 | p = 1.0000 | |||
TN | 1.0 (1.0–1.0) | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) | HOT vs TN p = 1.0000 | p = 1.0000 | |||
Cold | 1.0 (1.0–1.0) | 0.22 (0.0–1.0) | 0.44+▲ (0.0–1.0) | 0.89+● (0.0–2.0) | 0.94+○ (0.0–2.0) | TN vs COLD p < 0.0001 | 45–120 min p ≤ 0.0074 | |||
