Table 4 Screening threshold of exhaust opacity for detecting high-emitting vehicles in Bin5.

From: Potential of big data approach for remote sensing of vehicle exhaust emissions

Emission

Raw data of exhaust smoke opacity in Bin5

Cutpoints of exhaust smoke opacity for screening high-emitting vehicles in Bin5

Statistical average data after screening out 5% high emission vehicles

Maximum

Statistical average

Opacity (%)

27

15.88

23.5

14.52