Figure 9

Three morphotypes of cephalic papillae in Echiniscidae: Dactyloid papillae, present in the subgenus Meridioniscus and the great majority of echiniscids, i.e. finger-like papillae attached to the body cuticle only at their bases, visible as such both under PCM and SEM: (A) P. (M.) cf. saltensis (AR.251, PCM, dorso-ventral projection), (B) P. (M.) sp. 5 (MU.001, SEM, ventral projection), (C) P. (M.) cf. angelusalas (ZA.177, PCM, lateral projection), (D) P. (M.) cf. angelusalas (ZA.177, SEM, lateral projection); Pseudohemispherical papillae, present only in the subgenus Pseudechiniscus, i.e. finger-like papillae attached to the body cuticle at their bases but also longitudinally, along their length, which makes them appear under PCM as hemispheres/domes, but the actual finger-like shape of the papillae is clearly visible under SEM: (E) P. (P.) cf. ehrenbergi (ID.546, PCM, dorso-ventral projection), (F) P. (P.) sp. 9 (TN.018, SEM, frontal projection), (G) P. (P.) sp. 9 (ES.202, PCM, dorso-lateral projection), (H) P. (P.) sp. 9 (TN.018, SEM, lateral projection); Hemispherical papillae, i.e. truly hemispherical/dome-shaped papillae, flattened and widened but attached to the body cuticle only at their bases, visible both under PCM and SEM (present in Cornechiniscus, Mopsechiniscus, Parechiniscus, Mopsechiniscus and Proechiniscus): (I) Cornechiniscus madagascariensis (paratype, PCM, ventral projection), (J) Cornechiniscus madagascariensis (ET.007, SEM, lateral projection). Figs I–J from⁴⁴. Scale bars in μm.