Figure 1

Fabrication of core–shell microcapsules with PEG gel shell and aqueous core. (A) Schematic illustration of cell encapsulation process. (B) Top view of coaxial flow-focusing device generating a train of aqueous droplets. (C) Fluorescence images highlighting that after gellation aqueous droplets became uniformly-sized microcapsules with a thin (5–10 μm shell). Rodamine-labeled PEG was incorporated into the hydrogel shell for visualization purposes. Average microcapsule diameter is 392.6 ± 8.2 μm (n = 109). (D) Microbeads included into the core stream during the encapsulation were observed to move freely inside capsules, aggregating in the center of capsules during imaging. This demonstrates that the core of microcapsules was aqueous.