Figure 1

Accuracy on the lexical decision task predicts reading ability. (Left panel) Scatter plot showing each participants’ accuracy (proportion correct) on the 500 item LDT versus their raw score on the Woodcock-Johnson IV Letter Word Identification (WJ-Word-ID) test. Points are colored based on WJ-Word-ID standard scores, indicating that the relationship holds for struggling readers and those with dyslexia (dark blue), average readers (gray), above-average and exceptional readers (dark red). Open circles indicate outliers that were excluded from the analysis based on extremely fast response times on the LDT (see “Methods”). (Right panel) Correlation matrix between different measures of reading performance. The colormap represents the strength of correlation between each pair of variables. LDT All overall accuracy on LDT, LDT Real accuracy for real words, LDT Pseudo accuracy for pseudowords. TOWRE SWE and PDE Test of Word Reading Efficiency Sight Word Efficiency and Phonemic Decoding Efficiency, WJ WA Woodcock Johnson Word Attack, WASI Vocab and Matrix Wechsler Abbreviated Scales of Intelligence Vocabulary and Matrix Reasoning.