Table 2 Comparison between the control (n = 27) and intervention (n = 26) groups before and after intervention.

From: Effect of isometric exercises on the masseter muscle in older adults with missing dentition: a randomized controlled trial

 

Baseline

p value

At 4 weeks post intervention

p value

Control (n = 27)

Intervention (n = 26)

Control (n = 27)

Intervention (n = 26)

MA, mg/dL, mean (SD)

181.19 (± 54.87)

178.54 (± 62.81)

0.871a

185.19 (± 60.92)

197.92(± 52.89)

0.421a

MOF, N, median (IQR)

539.00 (553.1)

608.45 (434.5)

0.176b

564.80(511.6)

905.15(525.4)

0.001*,b

rMMT, mm, mean (SD)

7.87 (± 1.73)

8.89 (± 2.16)

0.064a

7.69 (± 1.92)

9.07 (± 2.16)

0.017*,a

cMMT, mm, mean (SD)

10.33 (± 2.46)

11.53 (± 2.61)

0.088a

10.42 (± 2.68)

12.65 (± 2.76)

0.017*,a

rMMEI, mean (SD)

158.25(± 17.89)

149.09(± 17.20)

0.063a

156.30(± 17.62)

149.28(± 18.02)

0.158a

cMMEI, mean (SD)

135.39(± 20.93)

131.49(± 16.16)

0.452a

134.59(± 18.23)

124.72(± 16.04)

0.042*,a

  1. SD standard deviation, IQR interquartile range, MA masticatory ability, MOF maximum occlusal force, rMMT masseter muscle thickness at rest, cMMT masseter muscle thickness during contraction, rMMEI masseter muscle echo intensity at rest, cMMEI masseter muscle echo intensity during contraction.
  2. *p-value < 0.05.
  3. aTwo-sampled t test.
  4. bMann–Whitney U test.