Table 1 Sorption isotherm parameters for non-linear fitting.
Model | Adsorbent | Carbonized PKC | Uncarbonized PKC | Carbonized PKC | Uncarbonized PKC | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
pH | 9 | 9 | 3 | 3 | |||||||||
Temp (°C) | 30 | 35 | 40 | 30 | 35 | 40 | 30 | 35 | 40 | 30 | 35 | 40 | |
Langmuir | KL (L/mg) | 0.197 | 0.347 | 0.369 | 0.058 | 0.097 | 0.316 | 0.011 | 0.017 | 0.016 | 0.015 | 0.008 | 0.012 |
qm (mg/g) | 110.2 | 105.2 | 111.9 | 101.5 | 93.34 | 86.37 | 76.25 | 83.14 | 102.2 | 54.62 | 105.6 | 115.7 | |
R2 | 0.98 | 0.98 | 0.95 | 0.99 | 0.92 | 0.95 | 0.99 | 0.99 | 1.00 | 0.97 | 0.99 | 1.00 | |
Koble-Corrigan | A | 26.83 | 37.69 | 40.12 | 8.991 | 13.65 | 29.53 | 1.647 | 1.069 | 2.622 | 0.764 | 1.747 | 1.486 |
n | 0.54 | 0.73 | 0.45 | 0.73 | 0.27 | 0.46 | 0.71 | 1.10 | 0.80 | 1.01 | 0.71 | 0.96 | |
B | 0.106 | 0.290 | 0.117 | 0.057 | −0.203 | 0.151 | 0.003 | 0.015 | 0.014 | 0.014 | −0.004 | 0.012 | |
R2 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.98 | 0.99 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 1.00 | 0.97 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
Freundlich | k (mg/g)/(mg/L)n | 25.43 | 31.28 | 36.7 | 11.14 | 15.35 | 26.33 | 1.746 | 2.994 | 3.453 | 1.989 | 1.609 | 2.609 |
n | 2.39 | 2.66 | 2.79 | 1.98 | 2.26 | 2.97 | 1.46 | 1.56 | 1.52 | 1.63 | 1.35 | 1.41 | |
R2 | 1.00 | 0.97 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 0.98 | 0.99 | 1.00 | 0.98 | 1.00 | 0.96 | 1.00 | 0.99 | |
Temkin | A (L/g) | 5.21 | 5.03 | 5.34 | 1.07 | 2.77 | 7.64 | 0.23 | 0.28 | 0.34 | 0.25 | 0.22 | 0.28 |
B | 17.98 | 20.06 | 21.5 | 17.88 | 15.07 | 14.42 | 11.01 | 13.99 | 15.53 | 9.25 | 12.77 | 15.61 | |
R2 | 0.95 | 0.99 | 0.98 | 0.96 | 0.92 | 0.98 | 0.93 | 0.94 | 0.93 | 0.91 | 0.92 | 0.92 | |
D-R | qm (mg/l) | 378.3 | 344.7 | 355.7 | 363.5 | 294.3 | 221.7 | 268.3 | 308.5 | 397 | 184.8 | 365.8 | 456.4 |
β × 10−3 | 3.58 | 3.06 | 2.81 | 4.81 | 3.85 | 2.57 | 7.35 | 6.48 | 6.41 | 6.65 | 7.65 | 7.03 | |
R2 | 1.00 | 0.98 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.97 | 0.99 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 1.00 | 0.96 | 1.00 | 0.99 | |
E (KJ/mol) | 11.81 | 12.78 | 13.33 | 10.19 | 11.40 | 13.94 | 8.25 | 8.78 | 8.83 | 8.67 | 8.08 | 8.43 | |
Florry-Huggins | K × 10−5 (L/mg) | 52.11 | 67.48 | 175.5 | 33.45 | 23.63 | 23.1 | 9.016 | 8.594 | 13.62 | 29.76 | 1.392 | 11.92 |
n | −1.36 | −1.26 | −0.75 | −2.54 | −2.01 | −1.55 | −9.31 | −7.27 | −5.60 | −7.62 | −11.80 | −6.39 | |
R2 | 0.99 | 0.52 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.95 | 0.95 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 0.99 | 0.99 | |
