Table 2 Sorption isotherm models and best-fit parameters for Sb(V) sorption data.

From: Antimonate sequestration from aqueous solution using zirconium, iron and zirconium-iron modified biochars

Biochar

qexp (mg/g)

Langmuir model parameters

Freundlich model parameters

Temkin model parameters

Dubinin–Radushkevich model parameters

pH

qcal (mg/g)

qm (mg/g)

KL (L mg−1)

RL

R2

qcal (mg/g)

KF (g mg−1 h−1)

1/n

R2

b (J/mol)

A (L/g)

R2

qm (mg/g)

E (kJ mol−1)

β

R2

 

BSBC

12.71

12.07

17.54

0.041

0.18–0.69

0.95

12.90

1.27

0.584

0.99

731.6

0.56

0.93

80.23

9.80

5.2 × 10−3

0.99

2

ZrBSBC6.5

35.31

34.10

46.95

0.039

0.11–0.71

0.98

39.92

2.719

0.636

0.99

261

0.46

0.96

253.26

9.36

5.7 × 10−3

0.99

2

ZrBSBC12.5

51.68

49.45

66.67

0.123

0.03–0.44

0.97

57.83

8.039

0.627

0.98

177.45

1.23

0.98

508.96

9.90

5.1 × 10−3

0.99

2

Zr–FeBSBC (1:20)

47.12

41.60

 − 31.8

 − 0.033

1.52–0.16

0.54

33.89

0.910

1.271

0.92

153.94

0.39

0.63

4395

6.93

1.0 × 10−2

0.90

2

48.81

47.07

 − 60.61

 − 0.037

4.0–0.14

0.67

42.58

1.986

1.248

0.97

116.26

0.49

0.81

3202

7.58

8.7 × 10−3

0.96

3

48.04

48.84

98.04

0.055

0.077–0.63

0.96

56.56

5.41

0.8128

0.98

162.64

1.01

0.96

1120

9.77

6.5 × 10−3

0.99

4

Zr–FeCl3BSBC (1:5)

38.80

36.40

70.42

0.011

0.89–0.29

0.96

31.43

1.633

0.796

0.99

251.55

0.42

0.89

456

8.45

7.0 × 10−3

0.99

2

44.16

37.64

125

0.014

0.87–0.25

0.49

39.20

1.929

0.883

0.99

173.58

0.37

0.86

644

8.45

7.0 × 10−3

0.98

3

44.49

44.47

85.47

0.029

0.13–0.76

0.97

50.08

3.12

0.772

0.99

185.73

0.54

0.93

727

9.57

6.8 × 10−3

0.99

4

47.36

35.44

112.36

0.017

0.85–0.21

0.20

35.81

2.139

0.857

0.94

229.9

0.51

0.82

274

9.62

5.4 × 10−3

0.93

5

FeBSBC

39.80

32.91

120.48

0.006

0.93–0.41

0.35

32.16

1.13

0.833

0.99

260.03

0.32

0.76

325

8.45

7.0 × 10−3

0.98

2

28.98

26.51

39.68

0.02

0.18–0.83

0.95

30.29

1.36

0.6739

0.99

365.14

0.35

0.91

181

8.98

6.2 × 10−3

0.99

3

41.26

36.53

49.26

0.071

0.006–0.57

0.91

43.39

4.684

0.603

0.88

238.79

0.86

0.93

444

9.21

5.9 × 10−3

0.93

4

FeCl3BSBC

41.76

34.67

270.27

0.003

0.96–0.57

0.21

35.16

1.0139

0.9447

0.99

216.26

0.31

0.80

799

7.71

8.4 × 10−3

0.99

2

24.60

22.66

31.54

0.022

0.17–0.81

0.95

26.08

1.313

0.6279

0.98

432.41

0.34

0.92

135

9.20

5.9 × 10−3

0.99

3

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