Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the T2DM patients with or without coexisting DVT before and after propensity score matching.
Variables | Data before PSM | Data after PSM | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DVT (n = 2020) | Non-DVT (n = 1,629,353) | STD | DVT (n = 2017) | Non-DVT (n = 10,085) | STD | |
Age, years | 66.3 ± 13.0 | 58.3 ± 12.7 | 0.62 | 66.3 ± 13.0 | 67.2 ± 12.4 | − 0.07 |
Age group | ||||||
20–64 years | 829 (41.0) | 1,110,262 (68.1) | − 0.57 | 829 (41.1) | 3855 (38.2) | 0.06 |
65–74 years | 625 (30.9) | 354,355 (21.8) | 0.21 | 625 (31.0) | 3261 (32.3) | − 0.03 |
≥ 75 years | 566 (28.0) | 164,736 (10.1) | 0.47 | 563 (27.9) | 2969 (29.4) | − 0.03 |
Sex | ||||||
Male | 924 (45.7) | 856,244 (52.6) | − 0.14 | 924 (45.8) | 4551 (45.1) | 0.01 |
Female | 1096 (54.3) | 773,109 (47.5) | 0.14 | 1,093 (54.2) | 5534 (54.9) | − 0.01 |
Comorbidities | ||||||
Hypertension | 1240 (61.4) | 714,907 (43.9) | 0.36 | 1,239 (61.4) | 6455 (64.0) | − 0.05 |
Dyslipidemia | 462 (22.9) | 354,324 (21.8) | 0.03 | 462 (22.9) | 2361 (23.4) | − 0.01 |
Ischemic heart disease | 488 (24.2) | 191,769 (11.8) | 0.33 | 486 (24.1) | 2481 (24.6) | − 0.01 |
Heart failure | 261 (12.9) | 29,572 (1.8) | 0.44 | 258 (12.8) | 1204 (11.9) | 0.03 |
Atrial fibrillation | 74 (3.7) | 14,095 (0.87) | 0.19 | 74 (3.7) | 356 (3.53) | 0.01 |
Peripheral arterial disease | 430 (21.3) | 61,441 (3.8) | 0.55 | 428 (21.2) | 2140 (21.2) | < 0.01 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 256 (12.67) | 87,880 (5.39) | 0.26 | 256 (12.69) | 1258 (12.47) | 0.01 |
Gouty arthritis | 247 (12.2) | 113,252 (7.0) | 0.18 | 246 (12.2) | 1279 (12.7) | − 0.01 |
Renal function | ||||||
Normal | 1657 (82.0) | 1,534,504 (94.2) | − 0.38 | 1657 (82.2) | 8425 (83.5) | − 0.04 |
Non-dialysis CKD | 238 (11.8) | 88,325 (5.4) | 0.23 | 238 (11.8) | 1229 (12.2) | − 0.01 |
Dialysis | 125 (6.2) | 6524 (0.40) | 0.33 | 122 (6.1) | 431 (4.27) | 0.08 |
Liver cirrhosis | 83 (4.1) | 20,165 (1.2) | 0.18 | 82 (4.1) | 386 (3.8) | 0.01 |
History of event | ||||||
Prior stroke | 374 (18.5) | 90,626 (5.6) | 0.41 | 372 (18.4) | 1922 (19.1) | − 0.02 |
Old myocardial infarction | 77 (3.8) | 19,978 (1.2) | 0.17 | 77 (3.8) | 402 (4.0) | − 0.01 |
Charlson’s Comorbidity Index score | 2.1 ± 1.9 | 1.1 ± 1.3 | 0.61 | 2.1 ± 1.9 | 2.1 ± 1.9 | < 0.01 |
Medication within 6 months before the index date | ||||||
Antiplatelet | 632 (31.3) | 279,257 (17.1) | 0.33 | 631 (31.3) | 3280 (32.5) | − 0.03 |
ACEi/ARB | 587 (29.1) | 350,719 (21.5) | 0.17 | 586 (29.1) | 3094 (30.7) | − 0.04 |
ß-blockers | 475 (23.5) | 302,451 (18.6) | 0.12 | 475 (23.6) | 2390 (23.7) | < 0.01 |
DCCB | 575 (28.5) | 366,165 (22.5) | 0.14 | 574 (28.5) | 3024 (30.0) | − 0.03 |
Diuretics | 284 (14.1) | 53,728 (3.3) | 0.39 | 283 (14.0) | 1372 (13.6) | 0.01 |
Statin | 251 (12.4) | 177,398 (10.9) | 0.05 | 251 (12.4) | 1269 (12.6) | < 0.01 |
Cilostazol | 18 (0.9) | 1538 (0.1) | 0.11 | 18 (0.9) | 72 (0.7) | 0.02 |
Lowering hyperglycemia drug at the T2DM diagnostic date | ||||||
Metformin | 984 (48.7) | 914,705 (56.1) | − 0.15 | 984 (48.8) | 5001 (49.59) | − 0.02 |
Sulfonylurea | 1078 (53.4) | 1,058,856 (65.0) | − 0.24 | 1078 (53.45) | 5381 (53.36) | < 0.01 |
Thiazolidinedione | 35 (1.7) | 23,483 (1.4) | 0.02 | 35 (1.7) | 179 (1.8) | < 0.01 |
DPP4i | 29 (1.4) | 11,216 (0.69) | 0.07 | 28 (1.4) | 156 (1.6) | − 0.01 |
Insulin | 297 (14.70) | 98,799 (6.06) | 0.29 | 295 (14.63) | 1,353 (13.42) | 0.03 |
Follow-up, years | 5.1 ± 3.7 | 7.1 ± 4.1 | − 0.51 | 5.1 ± 3.7 | 5.2 ± 3.9 | − 0.02 |
