Table 3 Biochemical indicators before and after the intervention, in both groups after controlling for the baseline area under the glucose curve during OGTT.

0 m

(n = 10)

6 m

(n = 10)

\(\Delta\)

0 m

(n = 10)

6 m

(n = 10)

\(\Delta\)

FG (mg/dl)

96 ± 3

95 ± 2

−1 ± 3

102 ± 2

96 ± 2^b

−7 ± 2

Glucose 120 min (mg/dl)

152 ± 5

141 ± 10

−10 ± 9

155 ± 9

122 ± 11^b

−34 ± 12

AUCglucose OGTT

(mg/dL/120 min)

18,511 ± 878

17,395 ± 1476

−1116 ± 1104

19,213 ± 387

15,666 ± 881^b

−3547 ± 1094

HbA1c %

5.37 ± 0.12

5.68 ± 0.09^a

0.30 ± 0.12

5.6 ± 0.1

5.49 ± 0.04

−0.18 ± 0.10^e

Matsuda index

6.0 ± 1.3

4.4 ± 0.8^a

−1.6 ± 0.6

3.8 ± 0.6

4.9 ± 0.9

1.1 ± 1.0^e

HOMA – IR

1.9 ± 0.6

2.6 ± 0.6^a

0.70 ± 0.26

2.5 ± 0.4

2.1 ± 0.4

−0.50 ± 0.28

AIR

(Ins30-Ins0/Gluc30-Gluc0)

0.9 ± 0.2

1.2 ± 0.3

0.27 ± 0.30

0.8 ± 0.1

1.7 ± 0.5

0.93 ± 0.53

Insulin secretion

(AUCins0-120/AUCgluc0-120)

0.39 ± 0.07

0.49 ± 0.11

0.09 ± 0.04

0.46 ± 0.05

0.54 ± 0.08

0.08 ± 0.06

Disposition Index (Matsuda*(AUCins0-120/AUCgluc0-120)

1.74 ± 0.14

1.59 ± 0.12

−0.15 ± 0.14

1.49 ± 0.10

2.20 ± 0.21^d,b

0.71 ± 0.16^e

Oral Disposition Index (DIo)

(IGI × 1/fasting insulin)

0.14 ± 0.02

0.12 ± 0.04

0.01 ± 0.03

0.10 ± 0.01

0.22 ± 0.06

0.12 ± 0.05