Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 infected patients by Elixhauser AHRQ-weighted comorbidity Index and overall.

From: Racial disparities in COVID-19 outcomes exist despite comparable Elixhauser comorbidity indices between Blacks, Hispanics, Native Americans, and Whites

 

Total n (%a)

Elixhauser AHRQ-weighted comorbidity group

< 0

0

1–4

≥ 5

p valuef

n (%a)

n (%a)

n (%a)

n (%a)

Comparison

52,411 (100.00)

8976 (17.1)

16,177 (30.9)

4220 (8.1)

23,038 (44.0)

 

Age (Years)b

53 (35–68)

51 (37–62)

32 (20–47)

46 (28–61)

64 (48–77)

< 0.001g

Gender

     

< 0.001

Female

26,512 (50.6)

4902 (54.6)

8206 (50.7)

2354 (55.8)

11,050 (48.0)

 

Male

25,800 (49.2)

4053 (45.2)

7950 (49.1)

1857 (44.0)

11,940 (51.8)

 

Otherc

99 (0.2)

21 (0.2)

21 (0.1)

9 (0.2)

48 (0.2)

 

Race and ethnicity

     

< 0.001

Non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaska Native

1070 (2.0)

179 (2.0)

503 (3.1)

72 (1.7)

316 (1.4)

 

Non-Hispanic Asian or Pacific Islander

1447 (2.8)

208 (2.3)

401 (2.5)

98 (2.3)

740 (3.2)

 

Non-Hispanic Black or African American

10,667 (20.4)

2200 (24.5)

2429 (15.0)

954 (22.6)

5084 (22.1)

 

Non-Hispanic White

15,048 (28.7)

2141 (23.9)

3197 (19.8)

1156 (27.4)

8554 (37.1)

 

Non-Hispanic Otherd

5754 (11.0)

877 (9.8)

2236 (13.8)

381 (9.0)

2260 (9.8)

 

Hispanic or Latino

18,425 (35.2)

3371 (37.6)

7411 (45.8)

1559 (36.9)

6084 (26.4)

 

Insurance

     

< 0.001

Private

18,015 (34.4)

3678 (41.0)

7129 (44.1)

1687 (40.0)

5521 (24.0)

 

Government/misc

1853 (3.5)

312 (3.5)

676 (4.2)

138 (3.3)

727 (3.2)

 

Medicaid

8597 (16.4)

1837 (20.5)

2936 (18.1)

782 (18.5)

3042 (13.2)

 

Medicare

11,791 (22.5)

1262 (14.1)

929 (5.7)

743 (17.6)

8857 (38.4)

 

Self-pay

4906 (9.4)

804 (9.0)

2842 (17.6)

371 (8.8)

889 (3.9)

 

Missing

7249 (13.8)

1083 (12.1)

1665 (10.3)

499 (11.8)

4002 (17.4)

 

Zip-code regione

     

< 0.001

0

6210 (11.8)

958 (10.7)

1451 (9.0)

388 (9.2)

3413 (14.8)

 

1

5593 (10.7)

1050 (11.7)

1754 (10.8)

437 (10.4)

2352 (10.2)

 

2

8139 (15.5)

1468 (16.4)

1893 (11.7)

667 (15.8)

4111 (17.8)

 

3

9867 (18.8)

1725 (19.2)

4552 (28.1)

978 (23.2)

2612 (11.3)

 

4

2701 (5.2)

546 (6.1)

753 (4.7)

218 (5.2)

1184 (5.1)

 

5

337 (0.6)

65 (0.7)

122 (0.8)

33 (0.8)

117 (0.5)

 

6

1551 (3.0)

241 (2.7)

491 (3.0)

120 (2.8)

699 (3.0)

 

7

3116 (5.9)

522 (5.8)

834 (5.2)

232 (5.5)

1528 (6.6)

 

8

3321 (6.3)

477 (5.3)

1156 (7.1)

257 (6.1)

1431 (6.2)

 

9

9012 (17.2)

1589 (17.7)

2803 (17.3)

698 (16.5)

3922 (17.0)

 

Missing

2564 (4.9)

335 (3.7)

368 (2.3)

192 (4.5)

1669 (7.2)

 
  1. a% = column percentage.
  2. bMedian (Q1–Q3).
  3. cOther or unknown.
  4. dOther, unknown, or mixed race.
  5. e0 (Connecticut, Massachusetts, Maine, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Rhode Island, Vermont), 1 (Delaware, New York, Pennsylvania), 2 (DC, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia), 3 (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, Tennessee), 4(Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Ohio), 5 (Iowa, Minnesota, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Wisconsin), 6 (Illinois, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska), 7 (Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Texas), 8 (Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, New Mexico, Nevada, Utah, Wyoming), 9 (Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, Washington).
  6. fChi-squared test (unless otherwise noted).
  7. gKruskall–Wallis rank-sum test.
  8. Bold indicates statistical significance at the 5% level (i.e., p value < 0.05).
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