Table 2 Long term effects on growth in adolescents who consumed low lactose milk in their childhood.

From: Tenth year reenrollment randomized trial investigating the effects of childhood probiotics and calcium supplementation on height and weight at adolescence

Outcome measures

Groups

Adjusted difference (95% CI)

Casei †

n = 60

Reuteri †

n = 55

RC †

n = 70

LC †

n = 53

Casei vs. RCa

n = 130

p-value

Reuteri vs. RCa

n = 125

p-value

LC vs. RCa

n = 123

p-value

Changes in 10 yearsb

Height

52.9 ± 9.3

51.9 ± 7.8

53.1 ± 9.3

54.1 ± 8.5

1.5 (− 2.1–5.2)

0.41

1.9 (− 2.3–6.2)

0.36

1.6 (− 1.9–5.1)

0.38

Weight

35.2 ± 9.4

35.8 ± 10.2

35.0 ± 9.9

33.4 ± 7.6

0.1 (− 3.1–3.4)

0.93

1.1 (− 2.5–4.6)

0.56

1.5 (− 1.6–4.6)

0.35

HAZ

0.1 ± 1.1

0.1 ± 0.7

0.1 ± 0.9

0.2 ± 1.0

− 0.1 (− 0.4–0.2)

0.46

− 0.001 (− 0.3–0.3)

0.99

− 0.1 (− 0.4–0.2)

0.61

BMIZ

− 0.1 ± 1.0

0.3 ± 1.0

0.3 ± 1.2

0.1 ± 1.0

− 0.3 (− 0.7–0.04)

0.08

− 0.01 (− 0.4–0.4)

0.95

0.1 (− 0.2–0.5)

0.44

  1. BMIZ body mass index-for-age z-score, CI confidence interval, HAZ height-for-age z-score.
  2. †Mean ± SD (all such values).
  3. aGeneral linear model, adjusted for age, gender, and living area.
  4. bChanges between the end of intervention and after 10-years follow up measurements.
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