Table 3 Multiple regression model of each risk factor for outcome changes in HAZ and BMIZ.

From: Tenth year reenrollment randomized trial investigating the effects of childhood probiotics and calcium supplementation on height and weight at adolescence

 

HAZ changesa

(n = 238)

BMIZ changesa

(n = 238)

Sosiodemographic and lifestyle risk factors

Age

− 0.16 (− 0.26 to − 0.05)*

0.11 (0.02 to 0.20)*

Gender

− 0.11 (− 0.39 to 0.18)

0.39 (0.12 to 0.65)*

Living in flooding area

− 0.11 (− 0.37 to 0.16)

0.03 (− 0.22 to 0.28)

Low maternal education (< 9 years)

− 0.07 (− 0.35 to 0.20)

0.16 (− 0.10 to 0.41)

Sufficient family income

− 0.35 (− 0.71 to 0.01)

− 0.20 (− 0.54 to 0.13)

PAQ-C Score

0.01 (− 0.26 to 0.28)

− 0.09 (− 0.34 to 0.16)

DQI-A Score

0.01 (− 0.01 to 0.02)

− 0.01 (− 0.02 to 0.01)

Gut integrity and nutritional status

L:Mb

0.17 (− 0.26 to 0.59)

− 0.04 (− 0.60 to 0.52)

Stunting history

0.61 (0.38 to 0.85)*

− 0.32 (− 0.62 to − 0.01)*

Overweight/obese

− 0.93 (− 1.40 to − 0.47)*

− 0.79 (− 1.40 to − 0.18)*

  1. BMIZ body mass index-for-age z-score, DQI-A diet quality index-adolescent, HAZ height-for-age z-score, L:M lactulose/mannitol ratio, PAQ-C physical activity questionnaire-children.
  2. aValues are standardized effect sizes.
  3. bTested and analyzed in 155 subjects.
  4. *Generalized linear model with p-value < 0.05.
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