Figure 1

(A) Schematic of the fabrication of a 3D-printed tracheal structure (biotrachea) with an electrospun chitosan-based nanofiber membrane (CHIM). Photographs of (B) CHIM, (C) 3D-printed PCL frame, (D) the biotrachea, and (E) the biotrachea with CHIM (TraCHIM). Scale bars, 5 cm, 5 mm, 5 mm, and 5 mm, respectively.