Table 2 Amounts of PDE-5i consumed in areas served by STP#1 and STP#2 estimated by mass loading, hydraulic flow and bioavailability.

From: Contribution of sewage to occurrence of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors in natural water

Catchment area

STP#1

STP#2

Type of PDE-5i

Sildenafil

Tadalafil

Vardenafil

Sildenafil

Tadalafil

Vardenafil

Average concentration, ng L−1

53

12

6

62

16

6

Mass load, g d−1

65

15

7

45

11

5

Bioavailability, ratio*

0.40

0.81

0.15

0.40

0.81

0.15

Consumption by population, mg d−1 1000 inh−1

114

82

9

143

114

10

  1. *Francis and Corbin43