Table 3 Changes in cognition, mood and behavior across three time points in the TG (N = 14) and CG (N = 11).

From: Positive effect of timed blue-enriched white light on sleep and cognition in patients with mild and moderate Alzheimer’s disease

 

TG

CG

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Cognitive function

MMSE-KC

 T0

16.36 ± 5.09

16.90 ± 4.91

 T1

17.64 ± 5.68

17.91 ± 5.09

 T2

17.14 ± 4.92 `

18.36 ± 5.43

TMT-A (min)

 T0

152.90 ± 63.45

98.67 ± 37.22

 T1

142.25 ± 43.87

130.14 ± 85.13

 T2

136.63 ± 59.98

86.33 ± 31.69

DSF

 T0

6.36 ± 2.64

7.40 ± 2.59

 T1

6.64 ± 2.73

7.30 ± 2.91

 T2

5.57 ± 2.77

7.50 ± 2.80

DSB

 T0

3.36 ± 2.53

4.30 ± 2.00

 T1

4.43 ± 2.28

4.70 ± 2.11

 T2

3.43 ± 2.28

4.60 ± 2.50

Mood and behavior

CSDD-K

 T0

8.07 ± 6.03

10.00 ± 6.59

 T1

5.50 ± 4.54

10.18 ± 7.68

 T2

5.07 ± 3.89

8.09 ± 5.49

VAS-GV

 T0

73.16 ± 11.03

74.68 ± 2.88

 T1

76.23 ± 1.36

75.55 ± 2.2

 T2

75.37 ± 2.61

75.28 ± 2.52

VAS-GA

 T0

52.94 ± 1.51

52.98 ± 1.64

 T1

52.20 ± 2.13

51.95 ± 2.62

 T2

52.75 ± 1.56

52.51 ± 1.95

KNPI-Q(s)

 T0

8.29 ± 6.37

10.91 ± 5.28

 T1

5.86 ± 5.96

9.18 ± 5.96

 T2

5.58 ± 5.29

8.27 ± 7.09

Caregiver burden

ZBI-K

 T0

30.46 ± 15.68

36.36 ± 17.00

 T1

26.31 ± 15.82

31.55 ± 18.01

 T2

21.38 ± 12.35

36.18 ± 17.39

KNPI-Q(d)

 T0

9.62 ± 10.40

12.55 ± 6.44

 T1

6.08 ± 7.84

12.45 ± 9.18

 T2

5.85 ± 6.53

10.36 ± 10.07

  1. T0 baseline, T1 immediate post-treatment, T2 4 weeks after the end of the 2 weeks of light treatment, MMSE-KC MMSE in the Korean version of CERAD Packet, TMT-A trail making test-A, DSF digit span test forward, DSB digit span test backward, CSDD-K Korean version of the Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia, VAS-GV visual analogue scale for global vigor, VAS-GA visual analogue scale for global affect, KNPI-Q(s) Korean Version of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (severity), ZBI-K Korean version of Zarit Burden Interview, KNPI-Q(d) Korean Version of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (distress).