Table 3 Cox regression analysis for the risk of all-cause death in persons with type 2 diabetes, considering various types of comorbidities (compared to persons without comorbidities of type 2 diabetes) and sociodemographic characteristics.
Variable | Death (%) | HR | 95% CI | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Having no comorbidities | 4 (0.73) | 1.00 | ||
Having concordant only comorbidities | 69 (4.27) | 10.4 | 3.77–28.4 | 0.0001 > |
Having discordant only comorbidities | 28 (11.5) | 33.5 | 11.7–95.8 | 0.0001 > |
Having combined comorbidities (concordant and discordant) | 1684 (23.0) | 33.4 | 12.5–89.3 | 0.0001 > |
Gender (men) | 932 (18.4) | 1.00 | ||
Gender (women) | 853 (18.2) | 0.82 | 0.75–0.91 | 0.0001 > |
Age at onset of type 2 diabetes (30–45) years | 41 (2.68) | 1.00 | ||
Age at onset of type 2 diabetes (45–65) years | 516 (9.99) | 3.18 | 2.31–4.39 | 0.0001 > |
Age at onset of type 2 diabetes (65+) years | 1228 (40.5) | 14.8 | 10.8–20.2 | 0.0001 > |
Ethnic origin (Arabs) | 689 (15.5) | 1.00 | ||
Ethnic origin (Jews) | 1096 (20.8) | 1.08 | 0.98–1.19 | 0.1075 |
Smoking (no) | 1599 (18.0) | 1.00 | ||
Smoking (yes – present and past) | 186 (22.3) | 1.04 | 0.89–1.22 | 0.6188 |
Having no exemption from National Insurance payment | 1420 (18.0) | 1.00 | ||
Having exemption from National Insurance payment | 337 (20.0) | 1.05 | 0.93–1.18 | 0.4276 |
