Figure 1
From: Leader-chasing behavior in negative artificial triggered lightning flashes

Optical recordings and corresponding electric field signatures of the leader-chasing behavior in Case I. (a) A processed frame showing the path for the leaders. The purple line indicates the upper boundary of the high-speed camera’s FOV, and the purple dotted line is the speculative channel structure. (b) A sequence of cropped high-speed frames showing the leader-chasing behavior, with background removed, intensity inverted, and contrast enhanced. The arrows with different colors indicate the position of each leader’s head. Some areas in Frames − 13 to − 7 were colored with contrast further enhanced. (c) Corresponding electric field signature with two insets showing counterparts.