Figure 4

Proposed AB toxin extended pore refolding mechanism. (A) Unfolding-refolding translocation model of anthrax toxin. LFN (magenta) translocates through PApore (blue) passing the α clamp (yellow), the Φ clamp (orange and grey), and the charge clamp (red). Helical portions of LFN begin to refold in the channel ensuring proper tertiary refolding of LFN. (B) Comparison of toxin pore length between toxins that translocate proteins vs toxins that disrupt ion gradients. Membrane bilayer represented in green.