Table 1 Characteristics of subjects with Jensen-Shannon distance (JSD) < 0.4 or ≥ 0.4.
< 0.4 | ≥ 0.4 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
n | Mean ± SD | n | Mean ± SD | |
Anthropometric parameters | ||||
Age (years) | 199 | 75.5 ± 6.2 | 19 | 74.1 ± 6.4 |
Sex (male/female, %) | 199 | 45.7/54.3 | 19 | 42.1/57.9 |
Height (m) | 199 | 1.56 ± 0.09 | 19 | 1.55 ± 0.09 |
Body mass (kg) | 199 | 55.7 ± 10.3 | 19 | 54.4 ± 9.7 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 199 | 22.6 ± 3.1 | 19 | 22.7 ± 3.6 |
Physical health measurements | ||||
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 195 | 127.3 ± 16.8 | 18 | 121.3 ± 19.8 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 195 | 74.5 ± 9.6 | 18 | 69.5 ± 13.3* |
Preferred walking speed (m/s) | 179 | 1.40 ± 0.19 | 16 | 1.49 ± 0.21 |
Maximal walking speed (m/s) | 178 | 1.99 ± 0.36 | 16 | 2.06 ± 0.29 |
Peak handgrip force (N) | 185 | 271.1 ± 79.1 | 17 | 274.6 ± 82.9 |
Calcaneal osteosonic index (× 106) | 187 | 2.41 ± 0.35 | 18 | 2.35 ± 0.29 |
Defecation status | ||||
Defecation frequency (days/week) | 199 | 6.1 ± 1.5 | 19 | 6.1 ± 1.7 |
Bristol stool form scale score | 199 | 4.0 ± 0.9 | 19 | 4.0 ± 1.0 |
Habitual physical activity patterns | ||||
Step count (steps/day) | 187 | 6983 ± 2988 | 18 | 8048 ± 3576 |
Duration of exercise > 3 metabolic equivalents (min/day) | 187 | 16.5 ± 13.9 | 18 | 19.4 ± 16.9 |
Current smoking and drinking habits | ||||
Smoker (number [%]) | 199 | 7 [3.5] | 19 | 3 [15.8]* |
Alcohol consumer (number [%]) | 199 | 76 [38.2] | 19 | 10 [52.6] |
Medication states | ||||
Antibiotics (number [%]) | 199 | 1 [0.5] | 19 | 2 [10.5]* |
Gastric acid lowering medicines (number [%]) | 199 | 44 [22.1] | 19 | 4 [21.1] |
Intake frequency of fermented milk products | ||||
LcS fermented milk products | ||||
Past 1 month (days/week) | 199 | 3.37 ± 2.91 | 19 | 1.84 ± 2.43* |
Past 5 years (days/week) | 199 | 2.35 ± 2.39 | 19 | 1.42 ± 2.27 |
Past 10 years (days/week) | 199 | 1.82 ± 2.18 | 19 | 0.63 ± 1.67* |
Overall fermented milk products | ||||
Past 1 month (days/week) | 199 | 5.29 ± 2.35 | 19 | 4.05 ± 2.63* |
Past 5 years (days/week) | 199 | 4.17 ± 2.53 | 19 | 3.47 ± 2.89 |
Past 10 years (days/week) | 199 | 3.35 ± 2.55 | 19 | 2.47 ± 2.82 |
Nutrient intakes | ||||
Energy (kcal/day) | 188 | 2180 ± 604 | 18 | 2212 ± 543 |
Protein (g/day) | 188 | 81.5 ± 24.7 | 18 | 84.4 ± 25.1 |
Lipid (g/day) | 188 | 73.8 ± 28.0 | 18 | 72.9 ± 20.8 |
Carbohydrate (g/day) | 188 | 283 ± 73 | 18 | 290 ± 69 |
Dietary fiber (g/day) | 188 | 17.6 ± 5.3 | 18 | 19.2 ± 7.3 |
Saturated fatty acid (g/day) | 188 | 22.6 ± 8.9 | 18 | 22.1 ± 7.1 |
Monounsaturated fatty acid (g/day) | 188 | 24.5 ± 10.0 | 18 | 24.6 ± 6.6 |
Polyunsaturated fatty acid (g/day) | 188 | 15.6 ± 5.9 | 18 | 16.4 ± 5.5 |
Cholesterol (mg/day) | 188 | 371 ± 127 | 18 | 360 ± 111 |
Sodium (mg/day) | 188 | 4737 ± 1795 | 18 | 5025 ± 2640 |
Potassium (mg/day) | 188 | 3015 ± 963 | 18 | 3183 ± 1138 |
Calcium (mg/day) | 188 | 803 ± 264 | 18 | 807 ± 309 |
Magnesium (mg/day) | 188 | 316 ± 96 | 18 | 336 ± 119 |
Iron (mg/day) | 188 | 9.91 ± 3.50 | 18 | 10.2 ± 3.7 |
Vitamin C (mg/day) | 188 | 129 ± 51 | 18 | 135 ± 57 |
Blood profiles | ||||
Triglyceride (mmol/l) | 159 | 1.44 ± 0.75 | 13 | 1.57 ± 0.84 |
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mmol/l) | 159 | 1.65 ± 0.55 | 13 | 1.52 ± 0.39 |
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mmol/l) | 159 | 3.17 ± 0.73 | 13 | 2.81 ± 0.58 |
Glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (%) | 159 | 5.64 ± 0.48 | 13 | 5.43 ± 0.17 |
Blood sugar (mmol/l) | 159 | 6.15 ± 1.35 | 13 | 6.03 ± 1.07 |
Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (IU/l) | 159 | 24.0 ± 6.0 | 13 | 27.6 ± 14.7 |
Glutamic pyruvic transaminase (IU/l) | 159 | 19.3 ± 7.4 | 13 | 22.3 ± 15.2 |
γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (IU/l) | 159 | 27.3 ± 26.4 | 13 | 27.7 ± 18.3 |
Albumin (g/l) | 159 | 43.2 ± 3.1 | 13 | 41.8 ± 2.5 |
Creatinine (μmol/l) | 159 | 74.9 ± 49.5 | 13 | 72.5 ± 25.2 |
Uric acid (μmol/l) | 159 | 298 ± 74 | 13 | 291 ± 81 |
Estimated glomerular filtration rate (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 159 | 62.7 ± 13.1 | 13 | 64.5 ± 14.7 |
