Figure 2 | Scientific Reports

Figure 2

From: A novel model of ischemia in rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion using a microcatheter and zirconia ball under fluoroscopy

Figure 2

The minimally invasive intra-arterial approach under fluoroscopic guidance. (A) Puncture of the caudal ventral artery in a rat. An indwelling needle was inserted through the ventral midline, approximately 5 cm from the root of the tail, at a sharp angle. (B,C) Rat fluoroscopic images of the microcatheter and wire (arrowhead) inserted carefully through the plastic outer indwelling needle, and then inserted into the caudal ventral artery and guided into the abdominal aorta (B) and the left CCA (C). (C) The C-arm was tilted at a 20° LAO angle for easy cannulation of the left CCA. (D) Left CCA angiography (LAO angle = 80°). The arrowhead shows the tip of the microcatheter. CCA; common carotid artery, ECA external carotid artery, ICA internal carotid artery, LAO left anterior oblique, MCA middle cerebral artery, PPA pterygopalatine artery.

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