Table 4 Association between serum bilirubin levels and total all-cause death in men, women, and all subjects.

Variables	HR	95% CI		P
Comparison in cancer risk among three BIL groups (low, middle, and high) divided by two cut-off values
Total death (M)
Age (20–39)	0.748	0.488	1.148	0.185
Age (60–69)	1.302	0.951	1.783	0.100
BMI (< 21)	1.716	1.252	2.353	0.001
BMI (≥ 27)	1.085	0.696	1.692	0.718
BIL (< 0.6)	1.998	1.481	2.694	< 0.001
BIL (≥ 1.1)	0.623	0.332	1.170	0.141
Smoking	1.248	0.931	1.672	0.138
Diabetes	1.013	0.731	1.405	0.938
Total death (F)
Age (20–39)	0.461	0.271	0.784	0.004
Age (60–69)	1.029	0.671	1.575	0.897
BMI (< 21)	1.469	0.974	2.216	0.067
BMI (≥ 27)	1.090	0.591	2.009	0.782
BIL (< 0.6)	1.371	0.909	2.067	0.132
BIL (≥ 1.1)	2.448	1.286	4.661	0.006
Smoking	1.263	0.778	2.049	0.345
Diabetes	2.217	1.446	3.398	< 0.001
Total death (T)
Age (20–39)	0.604	0.433	0.844	0.003
Age (60–69)	1.197	0.931	1.540	0.161
BMI (< 21)	1.627	1.265	2.093	< 0.001
BMI (≥ 27)	1.079	0.753	1.544	0.679
BIL (< 0.6)	1.744	1.369	2.222	< 0.001
BIL (≥ 1.1)	1.010	0.646	1.579	0.964
Smoking	1.247	0.971	1.600	0.083
Diabetes	1.317	1.015	1.708	0.038
Sex, men	2.200	1.689	2.866	< 0.001

The associations between serum bilirubin levels and total all-cause death in men (M), women (F), and all patients (T). Serum bilirubin levels were divided into three groups by the two cut-off values of 0.6 mg/dL and 1.1 mg/dL. The reference group for serum bilirubin levels was a middle range group. Age (20–39), subjects aged 20–39 years old; Age (60–69), subjects aged 60–69 years old; BMI (< 21), subjects with body mass index < 21 kg/m²; BMI (≥ 27), subjects with body mass index > 27 kg/m²; BIL (< 0.6), subjects with bilirubin levels < 0.6 mg/dL; BIL (≥ 1.1); subjects with bilirubin levels > 1.1. The reference of age and BMI was a middle range group.

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