Table 1 Properties of the pristine CX material and CXs subjected to hydrothermal treatment with different HNO3 concentrations: amounts of CO2 and CO released by TPD, [CO/CO2] ratio, percentage of oxygen obtained from the analysis of the TPD spectra (assuming that all the surface oxygen is released as CO and/or CO2), amount of volatiles (determined by TGA), pH at the point of zero charge (pHPZC), specific surface area (SBET), non-microporous specific surface area (Smeso) and total pore volume (Vtotal).

From: Carbon xerogels combined with nanotubes as solid-phase extraction sorbent to determine metaflumizone and seven other surface and drinking water micropollutants

[HNO3] (mol L−1)

Parameters

[CO2] (μmol g−1)

[CO] (μmol g−1)

O (wt%)

[CO]/[CO2]

Volatiles (wt%)

pHPZC

SBET (m2 g−1)

Smeso (m2 g−1)

Vtotal (cm3 g−1)

(pristine CX)

174

626

1.6

–

2.32

7.4

699

256

1.267

0 (Blank)

112

1173

2.2

–

3.27

6.9

672

249

1.205

0.01

247

1326

2.9

5.4

4.80

6.6

637

246

1.225

0.05

770

2718

6.8

3.5

9.15

3.9

629

242

1.199

0.10

1752

4359

12.6

2.5

14.0

 < 2

716

249

1.247

0.20

1965

5357

14.9

2.7

20.3

 < 2

810

268

1.356

0.30

3920

7097

23.9

1.8

25.2

 < 2

797

287

1.337

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