Table 2 List and symbiotic-role of known gene candidates (set 2) used for phylogenetics.

LYK10

Lysin motif receptor like kinases, perceiving Myc COs and Myc LCOs pre-contact and required for AM penetration of plant roots

²²

LYK12

Required for colonization by AM fungus; belongs to both Solanaceae and Leguminosae species clade

⁶⁹

CCaMK

Initiator of calcium signalling cascade in hosts; works in accordance with CYCLOPS and DELLA to activate RAM1 required for arbuscule development

^56,57

DELLA

Antagonism to GA; involved in regulating the extent of AM symbiosis having synergistic function with CYCLOPS-CCaMK to activate RAM1

^16,64

CASTOR

Twin ion channels; required for AM colonization of roots

⁷⁴

POLLUX

HMGR-CoA^a

Initiates the calcium spiking needed for activation of downstream transcriptional responses to AM symbiosis

^19,62

CCD7^a

Involved in strigolactone biosynthesis important for host perception by AM fungus

^79,80

CCD8

SYMRK

Symbiotic receptor-like kinase; required for early signalling events and transduction of signals to activate downstream cascades

^54,55

CNGC15

Required for nuclear localised symbiotic calcium oscillations

⁸¹

CYCLOPS/IPD3^b

Required for arbuscule initiation; part of the CCaMK-DELLA-CYCLOPS complex activating many transcription factors required for symbiotic association including RAM1

^11,57