Figure 3

Intervention effects on child development measured by the BSID-III (Intervention 35, control 36). (A) Generalized estimating equations models results had the following parameters for each child development domain: cognitive development (coefficient = 0.46, 95% CI [0.85, 1.79], p = 0.488), receptive language development (coefficient = 0.44, 95% CI [− 0.32, 1.19], p = 0.255), expressive language development (coefficient = 0.89, 95% CI [0.18, 1.61], p = 0.014), fine motor development (coefficient = 0.23, 95% CI [− 0.56, 1.04], p = 0.561), gross motor development (coefficient = 1.32, 95% CI [− 0.55, 3.20], p = 0.166). (B) Fitted models plots of all child development domains over time by randomization status. Standardized effect sizes (Cohen’s d) were calculated from endpoint marginal means: cognitive development (d = 0.08), receptive language development (d = 0.17), expressive language development (d = 0.37), fine motor development (d = 0.05), gross motor development (d = 0.21).