Table 3 Association between BMI, WC, PBF, BRI,ABSI and pulmonary function.

From: Non-linear association of anthropometric measurements and pulmonary function

Female

BMI

 < 25.0

25.0–29.9

≥ 30

FEV1 %predicted

0.80 [0.36, 1.24]

−0.47 [−1.15, 0.20]

−0.19 [−0.39, 0.00]

FVC %predicted

1.02 [0.62, 1.43]

−0.61 [−1.23, 0.02]

−0.26 [−0.44, −0.09]

FEV1/FVC ratio %

−0.14 [−0.35, 0.07]

0.08 [−0.29, 0.45]

0.05 [−0.02, 0.13]

Waist circumference (cm)

Tertile 1 [< 86.6]

Tertile 2 [86.6–100.1]

Tertile 3 [> 100.1]

FEV1 %predicted

0.02 [−0.12, 0.16]

−0.17 [−0.35, 0.01]

−0.13 [−0.22, −0.04]

FVC %predicted

0.09 [−0.06, 0.23]

−0.24 [−0.45, −0.04]

−0.17 [−0.24, −0.10]

FEV1/FVC ratio %

−0.07 [–0.15, 0.00]

0.05 [−0.05, 0.15]

0.02 [−0.02, 0.06]

Percentage body fat %

Tertile 1 [< 37.2]

Tertile 2 [37.2–42.3]

Tertile 3 [> 42.3]

FEV1 %predicted

0.06 [–0.27, 0.39]

0.26 [−0.31, 0.84]

−0.31 [−0.82, 0.21]

FVC %predicted

0.22 [−0.06, 0.49]

−0.06 [–0.70, 0.56]

−0.66 [−1.16, −0.15]

FEV1/FVC ratio %

−0.12 [−0.27, 0.02]

0.27 [−0.06, 0.59]

0.26 [0.05, 0.47]

Body roundness index

Tertile 1 [< 4.04]

Tertile 2 [4.04–5.93]

Tertile 3 [> 5.93]

FEV1 %predicted

1.02 [−0.27, 2.30]

−1.14 [−2.53, 0.24]

−0.58 [−1.16, 0.01]

FVC %predicted

1.71 [0.42, 3.01]

−1.17 [−2.77, 0.43]

−0.89 [−1.36, −0.42]

FEV1/FVC ratio %

−0.51 [−1.02, 0.01]

0.02 [−0.94, 0.98]

0.22 [−0.03, 0.46]

A body shape index (per 0.001 increment)

Tertile 1 [< 0.0780]

Tertile 2 [0.0780–0.0819]

Tertile 3 [> 0.0819]

FEV1 %predicted

−0.50 [−0.81, −0.20]

−0.14 [−1.04, 0.76]

−0.61 [−1.11, −0.11]

FVC %predicted

−0.58 [−0.88, −0.28]

−0.37 [−1.24, 0.50]

−0.44 [−0.75, −0.12]

FEV1/FVC ratio %

0.02 [−0.14, 0.18]

0.10 [−0.24, 0.45]

−0.17 [−0.42, 0.07]

Male

BMI

 < 25.0

25.0–29.9

 ≥ 30

FEV1 %predicted

1.29 [0.78, 1.81]

−0.68 [−1.27, −0.08]

−0.35 [−0.51, −0.19]

FVC %predicted

1.38 [0.93, 1.83]

−0.84 [−1.36, −0.31]

−0.42 [−0.56, −0.28]

FEV1/FVC ratio %

−0.08 [−0.34, 0.17]

0.09 [−0.20, 0.37]

0.05 [−0.05, 0.15]

Waist circumference (cm)

Tertile 1 [< 92]

Tertile 2 [92–103.9]

Tertile 3 [> 103.9]

FEV1 %predicted

0.22 [0.02, 0.42]

−0.09 [−0.38, 0.20]

−0.17 [−0.25, −0.10]

FVC %predicted

0.32 [0.14, 0.50]

−0.10 [−0.32, 0.12]

−0.20 [−0.27, −0.13]

FEV1/FVC ratio %

−0.10 [−0.18, −0.01]

0.01 [−0.15, 0.17]

0.01 [−0.03, 0.06]

Percentage body fat %

Tertile 1 [< 25.3]

Tertile 2 [25.3–29.7]

Tertile 3 [> 29.7]

FEV1 %predicted

0.02 [−0.34, 0.37]

−0.35 [−1.23, 0.52]

−0.26 [−0.67, 0.15]

FVC %predicted

0.19 [−0.08, 0.45]

−0.57 [−1.41, 0.27]

−0.28 [−0.64, 0.09]

FEV1/FVC ratio %

−0.15 [−0.42, 0.12]

0.14 [−0.24, 0.53]

−0.02 [−0.16, 0.13]

Body roundness index

Tertile 1 [< 3.82]

Tertile 2 [3.82–5.25]

Tertile 3 [> 5.25]

FEV1 %predicted

1.43 [−0.09, 2.95]

−2.83 [−4.88, −0.77]

−1.29 [−1.81, −0.78]

FVC %predicted

1.91 [0.53, 3.30]

−2.61 [−4.13, −1.09]

−1.41 [−1.93, −0.89]

FEV1/FVC ratio %

−0.42 [−1.14, 0.30]

−0.15 [−1.26, 0.96]

0.06 [−0.20, 0.33]

A body shape index (per 0.001 increment)

Tertile 1 [< 0.0789]

Tertile 2 [0.0789–0.0825]

Tertile 3 [> 0.0825]

FEV1 %predicted

−0.39 [−0.73, −0.06]

−1.26 [−2.30, −0.21]

−1.17 [−1.63, −0.70]

FVC %predicted

−0.25 [−0.58, 0.08]

−1.19 [−2.03, −0.36]

−0.99 [−1.43, −0.56]

FEV1/FVC ratio %

−0.12 [−0.35, 0.11]

−0.01 [−0.49, 0.47]

−0.17 [−0.42, 0.08]

  1. Data were weighted estimates and expressed as mean [95% confidence interval]. Multiple linear regression was adjusted for age, race, education level, physical activity (MET score), smoking status. For example, for female participants with BMI < 25.0 kg/m2, BMI was associated increased FEV1 %predicted value after adjusting for confounder above (coefficient = 0.80, 95% CI 0.36–1.24, P < 0.05).
  2. Bold: p < 0.05.