Table 2 Univariate and multivariate analyses of risk factors for recurrence before propensity score matching.

From: Male sex is not an independent risk factor for recurrence of differentiated thyroid cancer: a propensity score-matching study

 

Univariate

Multivariate

HR (95% CI)

p-value

HR (95% CI)

p-value

Gender

Female

Ref.

   

Male

1.552 (1.066–2.259)

0.022

  

Age (years)

> 45

Ref.

 

Ref.

 

≤ 45

2.192 (1.537–3.125)

< 0.001

1.841 (1.278–2.652)

0.001

Extent of operation

Less than TT

Ref.

   

TT and/or mRND

1.821 (1.286–2.577)

0.001

  

Tumor size

 < 1 cm

Ref.

   

 ≥ 1 cm

2..136 (1.522–2.998)

< 0.001

  

ETE

3.409 (2.140–5.432)

< 0.001

2.196 (1.305–3.695)

0.003

Multifocality

1.563 (1.114–2.193)

0.010

  

Bilaterality

1.744 (1.084–2.805)

0.022

  

Lymphatic invasion

3.202 (2.281–4.496)

< 0.001

  

Vacular invasion

3.471 (1.822–6.611)

< 0.001

2.504 (1.286–4.876)

0.007

Perineural invasion

3.335 (1.632–6.815)

0;001

  

Harvested LNs

1.021 (1.014–1.028)

< 0.001

  

Positive LNs

1.076 (1.063–1.088)

< 0.001

1.062 (1.041–1.083)

< 0.001

T stage

T1

Ref.

   

T2

2.488 (1.445–4.285)

0.001

  

T3b

3.649 (2.256–5.903)

< 0.001

  

T4a

3.928 (0.548–28.173)

0.173

  

N stage

N0

Ref.

 

Ref.

 

N1a

4.350 (2.797–6.765)

< 0.001

3.159 (2.015–4.955)

< 0.001

N1b

7.002 (3.738–13.116)

< 0.001

1.488 (0.630–3.512)

0.364

  1. Data are expressed as hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).
  2. A p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
  3. TT total thyroidectomy, mRND modified radical neck dissection, ETE extrathyroidal extension, LN lymph node, T tumor, N node.
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