Table 3 Mean and standard deviations for all variables in the experimental and control groups at each evaluation period.

From: Demonstration of central conduction time and neuroplastic changes after cervical lordosis rehabilitation in asymptomatic subjects: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial

Measure

Group

Baseline mean (SD)

10-Weeks treatment mean (SD)

3-Month follow-up mean (SD)

10-Week versus baseline

3-Month versus baseline

Mean difference (95% CI)

P

Effect size Cohen d

Effect size r

Mean diff (95% CI)

P

Effect size Cohen d

Effect size r

AHT (Cm)

E

2.4 ± 0.4

1.01 ± 0.5

1.18 ± 0.5

1.3 [1.153–1.557]

< 0.005

3.06

0.83

1.2 [0.97–1.40]

< 0.005

2.69

0.8

C

2.3 ± 0.3

2.27 ± 0.2

2.4 ± 0.12

.4 [− 0.02–0.10]

0.19

0.1

0.058

− 0.10 [− 0.16–0.046]

0.21

− 0.43

− 0.21

ARA (°)¤

E

4.16 ± 4.15

18.1 ± 2

17.9 ± 1.9

− 14 [− 14.7–13.24]

< 0.005

− 4.2

− 0.9

− 13.78 [− 14.6–12.9]

< 0.005

− 4.25

− 0.90

C

4.2 ± 4.5

4.3 ± 4.4

5.1 ± 7.8

− 0.055 [− 0.17–0.059]

0.34

− 0.02

− 0.01

− 0.8925 [− 2.92–1.13]

0.38

− 0.14

− 0.070

P14

E

0.96 ± 0.21

0.68 ± 0.2

0.715 ± 0.18

0.27 [− 0.22–0.32]

< 0.005

1.4

0.57

0.24 [0.21–0.27]

< 0.005

1.36

0.564

C

1.045 ± 0.24

1.03 ± 0.21

1.03 ± 0.2

0.015 [− 0.008–0.038]

0.2

0.04

0.02

0.015 [− 0.014–0.044]

0.3

0.06

0.033

N20

E

2.44 ± 0.4

2.01 ± 0.26

1.97 ± 0.25

0.43 [0.37–0.49]

< 0.005

1.27

0.53

0.47 [0.415–0.52]

< 0.005

1.40

0.57

C

2.5 ± 0.38

2.475 ± 0.32

2.5 ± 0.4

0.037 [− 0.0075–0.082]

0.1

0.02

0.013

0.027 [− 0.01–0.066]

0.16

0.0

0.0

N27

E

1.9 ± 0.2

1.4 ± 0.32

1.49 ± 0.29

0.43 [0.32–0.52]

< 0.005

1.96

0.70

0.41 [0.32–0.49]

< 0.005

1.64

0.635

C

2.02 ± 0.4

2.04 ± 0.3

2.045 ± 0.5

0.025 [− 0.023–0.073]

0.3

− 0.056

− 0.028

− 0.025 [− 0.045–0.004]

0.016

− 0.05

− 0.027

N30

E

1.9 ± 0.2

1.57 ± 0.3

1.57 ± 0.3

0.4 [0.3039–0.5061]

< 0.005

1.29

0.543

0.4 [0.3145–0.4905]

0.007

1.29

0.543

C

2.1 ± 0.3

2.06 ± 1.06

2.1 ± 0.3

0.03 [− 0.023–0.07]

0.27

0.156

0.07

− 0.027 [− 0.05–0.003]

0.03

0.21

0.107

N13–N20

E

5.7 ± 0.3

5.4 ± 0.4

5.2 ± 0.2

0.282 [0.20–0.36]

< 0.005

0.84

0.39

0.44 [0.41–0.46]

< 0.005

1.90

0.68

C

5.6 ± 0.27

5.6 ± 0.28

5.7 ± 0.29

0.022 [− 0.003–0.04]

0.08

0.0

0.00

− 0.07 [− 0.13–0.013]

0.03

− 0.35

− 0.17

N13

E

1.2 ± 0.16

0.77 ± 0.09

0.68 ± 0.13

0.39 [0.35–0.43]

< 0.005

0.8

0.37

− 0.4750 [− 0.5418–0.4082]

< 0.005

3.57

0.87

C

1.01 ± 0.24

0.97 ± 0.25

0.96 ± 0.22

0.035 [− 0.003–0.073]

0.07

0.1

0.08

0.03 [− 0.002–0.06]

0.069

0.21

0.107

  1. Comparison of changes in outcome measures over time within each treatment group.
  2. Anterior head translation (AHT), cervical lordosis absolute rotation angle (ARA) C2–C7.
  3. E experimental group, C control group, CI confidence interval, SD standard deviation.
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