Figure 1

Existing water/enamel conversion equations are shown as the relationship between drinking water oxygen values (δ18Odw) and enamel carbonate oxygen values (δ18OC(VSMOW)). This graph aims to provide a visual representation of the various water/enamel conversion equations that exist to date and to show the general spread of slopes and intercepts, rather than for interpretation. Phosphate/carbonate conversion equations were applied to water/enamel equations based on enamel phosphate oxygen. Solid lines indicate the equations that allowed for direct conversions between δ18Odw and δ18OC(VSMOW) values without requiring the use of an additional phosphate/carbonate conversion. The linetypes indicate the use of different phosphate/carbonate conversion equations.