Table 3 Results from linear mixed model (P values) for predicted liver triacylglycerol (pTAG), portal vein area (PVA), portal vein depth (PVD) and liver depth (LD).

From: Associations between ultrasound measurements and hematochemical parameters for the assessment of liver metabolic status in Holstein–Friesian cows

Traitsa

dfb

pTAG, mg/g

PVA, mm2

PVD, mm

LD, mm

P value

RMSEc

P value

RMSEc

P value

RMSEc

P value

RMSEc

Hematochemical parameters

 Oxidative stress metabolites

ROMt, mgH2O2/100 ml

1

0.8339

9.69

0.0910

 

0.2379

12.00

0.0697

11.89

ROMt × Paritye

3

–

–

0.0934

277.40

0.0916

12.07

–

–

AOPP, μmol/l

3

0.6001

9.66

0.0790

 

0.6306

12.04

0.4760

11.95

AOPP × Paritye

 

–

–

0.0845

274.80

–

–

–

–

FRAP, μmol/l

1

0.0741

 

0.7315

278.79

0.0661

11.99

0.3021

11.96

FRAP × Paritye

2

0.0696

9.71

–

–

–

–

–

–

Thiol groups, μmol/l

1

0.2547

9.67

0.0339

276.63

0.1170

 

0.1242

 

Thiol groups × Paritye

 

–

–

–

–

0.0871

12.05

0.0464

11.87

Inflammation/innate immunity

         

CP, µmol/l

2

0.7737

9.67

0.8509

278.68

0.0509

 

0.0078

11.74

CP × Paritye

 

–

–

–

–

0.0206

11.80

–

–

Total protein, g/l

2

0.0736

9.59

0.1550

 

0.2592

12.04

0.5825

11.94

Total protein × Paritye

 

–

–

0.0709

275.90

–

–

–

–

Globulin, g/L

2

0.0077

9.52

0.1209

 

0.1849

12.03

0.5489

 

Globulin × DIMd

 

–

–

0.0498

267.34

–

–

–

–

Globulin × Paritye

 

–

–

0.0396

 

–

–

–

–

Haptoglobin, g/l

1

0.3543

9.67

0.5557

278.67

0.4368

12.10

0.8178

11.97

Mieloperoxidase, U/l

2

0.1257

9.60

0.6970

278.49

0.8113

12.10

0.8555

11.97

Minerals

         

Calcium, mmol/l

2

0.3546

9.66

0.3390

277.78

0.9693

 

0.8052

 

Calcium × DIMd

 

–

–

–

–

0.0001

11.43

0.0228

11.52

Phosphorus, mmol/l

2

0.4997

9.66

0.10

278.74

0.6560

12.08

0.3388

11.93

Magnesium, mmol/l

2

0.2993

9.64

0.66

278.19

0.6983

12.09

0.0797

 

Magnesium × Paritye

 

–

–

–

–

–

–

0.0634

11.84

Sodium, mmol/l

2

0.2845

9.64

0.9655

277.89

0.4719

12.03

0.1203

 

Sodium × DIMd

 

–

–

–

–

–

–

0.0547

11.49

Potassium, mmol/l

2

0.8465

9.68

1.6099

277.26

0.5624

12.05

0.2071

11.89

Chlorine, mmol/l

2

0.2207

9.64

0.4792

278.37

0.6340

12.06

0.3405

11.90

Zinc, μmol/l

2

0.0710

 

0.5755

278.30

0.5521

12.06

0.4974

11.94

Zinc × Paritye

 

0.0945

9.52

–

–

–

–

–

–

  1. P values < 0.1 are highlighted using bold.
  2. aROMt, total reactive oxygen metabolites; AOPP, advanced oxidation product of protein; FRAP, ferric reducing antioxidant power; CP, ceruloplasmin. Linear models for pTAG, PVA, PVD and LD always considered the individual sources of variations, namely days in milk (DIM), parity and herd/date and, one at the time, all the hematic variables (in classes). Where P values were < 0.1, interactions between DIM and/or parity and hematic variables are reported.
  3. bdf = the degrees of freedom depend on the number of classes in which hematochemical parameters have been discretized.
  4. cRMSE root mean square error.
  5. dDIM is constituted by 5 classes: class 1 ≤ 30; 30 < class 2 ≤ 60; 60 < class 3 ≤ 90; 90 < class 4 ≤ 120; class 5 > 120.
  6. eParity is constituted by two classes: primiparous and multiparous.
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