Table 7 Comparison of catalytic activities of our catalyst with various reported bimetallic Pd catalysts for Mizoroki–Heck and Buchwald–Hartwig amination reactions.

1⁷⁰

Mizoroki–Heck

Pd₆₃Sn₃₇/C NPs (0.12)

DMF, Et₃N, 140 °C

I

6

98

Br

43–95

Cl

65

2⁷¹

Mizoroki–Heck

AuPd/Ni-Al-O (0.2)

DMF, K₂CO₃, 100 °C

I

8

92

3⁵⁴

Mizoroki–Heck

AuPd/Euphorbia condylocarpa M.bieb NPs(0.2)

H₂O, K₂CO₃, 80 °C, CTAB

I

8

89–95

5⁷²

Mizoroki–Heck

ZnPd/phenanthroline (1)

DMF, K₃PO₄, 120 °C, TEAB

I

24

96

6⁷³

Mizoroki–Heck

Ni_0.95Pd_0.05 NPs (2)

DMF/H₂O, K₂CO₃, 80 °C

I

9–24

48–76

7⁷⁴

Mizoroki–Heck

Pd₅₀Ni₅₀/MWCNTs^a NPs (0.1)

H₂O, KOH, 120 °C, TBAB

I

1

99

8⁵⁵

Mizoroki–Heck

PdNi/CL-HA^b (0.4)

H₂O, Bu₃N, 120 °C, TBAB, N₂

I

12

100

Br

96–100

Cl

28–36

10⁸

Mizoroki–Heck

PdCu/AOT^c/iso-octane NPs (0.1)

DMF, Et₃N, 100 °C

I

18

93–100

Br

74–97

Cl

66–85

11⁷⁵

Mizoroki–Heck

Pd_0.1Au_0.16/Fe₃O₄@LDH^d (0.05)

DMF/H₂O, K₂CO₃, 120 °C

I

0.67–2

89–99

Br

2.5–24

43–98

12⁷⁶

Mizoroki–Heck

Pd-M(M = Ag, Ni, and Cu)/C NPs (0.3)

Acetonitrile, Et₃N, 82 °C

I

3

35–62

13⁷⁷

Mizoroki–Heck

MnPd@Py-2,2′-BPyPh COF (0.08)

Acetonitrile, K₂CO₃, 80 °C, N₂

I

24

95

14⁷⁸

Mizoroki–Heck

Hierarchical Pd–Ni/Ni(OH)₂ (0.02)

TBAA, Et₃N, 160 °C

I

24

87

15¹¹

Mizoroki–Heck

Pd-Co/CoAl-LDH (0.02)

DMF/H₂O, K₂CO₃, 120–140 °C

I

0.5–1.5

91–100

Br

4–5

92–93

Cl

10

64

16^{This work}

Mizoroki–Heck

γ-Fe₂O₃@MBD/Pd-Co NPs (0.05)

H₂O, Et₃N, 60 °C

I

0.4–1.1

95–99

Br

1.5–2

95–98

Cl

4–5

90–99

17⁷⁹

Buchwald–Hartwig amination

PdAu/C (3)

DMSO, t-BuOK, 100 °C

Cl

12

80–99

18⁶⁷

Buchwald–Hartwig amination

Pd–Ni/B-NPs (0.45)

K₂CO₃, H₂O, 80 °C

Br

5–8

86–100

Cl

8

69–100

19^{This work}

Buchwald–Hartwig amination

γ-Fe₂O₃@MBD/Pd-Co NPs (0.05–0.07)

t-BuONa, H₂O, 50–80 °C

I

3.5–7.3

89–93

Br

3.5–5

88–93

Cl

4.2–6

81–91