Figure 2 | Scientific Reports

Figure 2

From: Signaling pathway perturbation analysis for assessment of biological impact of cigarette smoke on lung cells

Figure 2

Illustration of the SPPA algorithm. A Shown is the estimation of the effect score (ES) of the “Cell–Cell communication” pathway. When all 112 genes are sorted according to the Z values of expression changes in the pathway, the highest enrichment score of the pathway based on running-sum statistic is calculated by finding the location of genes in the pathway. The score is 0.429, which is as effect score of smoke on this pathway. B Estimation of significance of effect score. 500 random simulations were performed to calculate whether the ES (0.429) of the example pathway reached a significant level. The estimation of P value is 0.365.

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