Table 2 Association of the development of meconium aspiration syndrome, histopathological findings, and inflammatory biomarkers among neonates with meconium-stained amniotic fluid on univariate analysis.

From: Evidence of both foetal inflammation and hypoxia–ischaemia is associated with meconium aspiration syndrome

 

MAS

Odds ratio

p-value

No

Yes

95% CI

N = 1248

N = 88

Mean

Lower

Upper

Chorioamnionitis

550/1245 (44.2)

52/88 (59.1)

1.83

1.18

2.83

0.007

Funisitis

661/1245 (53.1)

69/88 (78.4)

3.21

1.91

5.40

< 0.001

Inflammatory biomarkers at birtha

C-reactive protein

0.42 (0.29–14.30)

0.70 (0.29–6.90)

1.24

1.06

1.46

0.008

α1-AG

26.1 (19–159)

35.2 (19–103)

1.03

1.02

1.04

< 0.001

Haptoglobin

15.2 (12–115)

20 (12–99)

1.02

1.01

1.03

0.001

Acute-phase inflammatory reaction score at birtha

0

643/1222 (52.6)

25/88 (28.4)

Reference

< 0.001

1

408/1222 (33.3)

40/88 (45.5)

2.52

1.50

4.22

< 0.001

2 or 3

161/1222 (13.1)

23/88 (26.1)

3.67

2.03

6.64

< 0.001

  1. Values, excluding biomarkers, are expressed as the number (%). Values of biomarkers are presented as the median (range).
  2. Acute-phase inflammatory reaction scores of 0–3 were assigned according to the elevation of C-reactive protein, α1-acid glycoprotein, and haptoglobin (see Supplemental Information S4).
  3. CI confidence interval, α1-AG α1-acid glycoprotein.
  4. aCord blood or peripheral venous blood samples collected approximately 1 h after birth.
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