Table 2 Hazard ratios for cancer death according to level of proteinuria.

From: Trace proteinuria as a risk factor for cancer death in a general population

 

Proteinuria

Negative (−)

Trace (±)

Mild (1+)

Moderate to Heavy (≥ 2 +)

No. of deaths

2456

289

198

113

Cancer death rate, per 10,000 person-years

20.0

26.8

40.5

48.7

Unadjusted model

Reference

1.30 (1.15–1.47)

1.89 (1.63–2.18)

2.29 (1.90–2.77)

Model 1

Reference

1.20 (1.06–1.35)

1.57 (1.36–1.82)

1.75 (1.44–2.11)

Model 2

Reference

1.21 (1.07–1.37)

1.60 (1.38–1.85)

1.79 (1.48–2.16)

Model 3

Reference

1.16 (1.03–1.31)

1.47 (1.27–1.70)

1.61 (1.33–1.96)

  1. Model 1 adjusted for age and sex. Model 2 adjusted for covariates in model 1 plus body mass index, current smoker, and alcohol consumption. Model 3 adjusted for covariates in model 2 plus systolic blood pressure, estimated glomerular filtration rate, hemoglobin A1c, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and aspartate aminotransferase.
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