Figure 4

The coefficient plots show the effects of spatiotemporal factors on dung beetle activities, such as abundance, richness, Shannon diversity, total biomass of dung beetles, and abundances of tunneller and dweller beetles. The predictive models have diel period (Day and Night), habitat (HG and SG), season (Dry and Wet), and their interactions as the predictors. In the plots, the estimated value is showed by circle, standard error of the estimate by thick bars, and 95% CI by thin lines. The coefficients that have their SE of the estimate not touching the dashed lines are significant.